Biology with zoologest Mohammad idrees

* *👇👇👇

🔵 Goitre Deficiency of iodine.
🔵 First test tube baby at lahore in 1989.
🔵 Night blindness Deficiency of Vitamin A.
🔵 In hen the fertilization is Internal.
🔵 The period of Development in a chick is 21 days.
🔵 In penicillin the number of Chromosomes is 2.
🔵 In Mosquito the number of Chromosomes is 6.
🔵 In Drosphila the number of Chromosomes is 8.
🔵 In Garden Pea the number of Chromosomes is 14.
🔵 In Frog the number of Chromosomes is 26.
🔵 In Human being the number of Chromosomes is 46.
🔵 In Fern the number of Chromosomes is 1000.
🔵 Each Chromosomes consists of two threads, called Chromatids
🔵 The chromosomes are attached together by a small body, called Centromere.
🔵 The male contains the chromosomes XY.
🔵 The female Contains the s*x Chromosomes XX.
🔵 In Chromosome the percentage of DNA is 30 to 40 %'
🔵 Who is the father of Genetics Gregor Mendel.
🔵 Epitasis Term was used by Bateson.
🔵 Diabetes disease is due to the deficiency of Insulin.
🔵 The genetic interaction is called Apotasis.
🔵 Twins, cancer cells and tumor cells are the example of Cloning
🔵 Down's syndrome disease is considered as Unifactorial Defect.
🔵 Huntington's disease is caused due to Autosomal dominant allels.
🔵 The Cystic Fibrosis disease is caused by Autosomal Recessive allele.
🔵 Germinal Continuity theory proposed by Darwin.
🔵 Mutation theory was proposed by Devries.
🔵 The fossil bird is known as Archaeopteryx.
🔵 Human Eye Muscle contact in 0.01 seconds
🔵 The osteoporosis is the Hormonal Disorder of skeleton
🔵 Cleft palate and microcephaly are the Genetic disorder of skeleton.
🔵 The exoskeleton in arthropods is made up of Chitin.
🔵 Sciatica is the disorder of Fore limbs.
🔵 Tetany and Cramps are the disorder of Muscle Contraction.
🔵 Abnormal muscle contraction are Tetant and Cramps.
🔵 heart Contraction is regulated by Pace maker.
🔵 Sino artial node is also called Pace maker.
🔵 The heart beat is controlled by Autonomic nervous system.
🔵 The non straited muscles are called Smooth Muscles.
🔵 The Contraction of smooth muscles is Involuntary.
🔵 The bones are connected to one another by Ligaments.
🔵 The Cytoplasm of Muscle fibre is called Sarcoplasm.
🔵 The drak band on muscle fibres is called A band.
🔵 Earthworms move by the help of setae.
🔵 The muscles are attached to the bones by Tendons.
🔵 The star fish moves by Sarcolemma.
🔵 The rhthmic contraction of cardiac muscles is called Heart Beat.
🔵 Emergency hormone is called Adrenaline.
🔵 Endocrine Gland present in the brain below the thalamus is called Pituitary gland.
🔵 The secretion of endocrine glands is called Hormones.
🔵 Thyroxine hormone is secreted by Thyroid gland.
🔵 Insulin hormone is secreted by Pancreas.
🔵 Insulin regulates the amount of Sugar.*Every Day Science*

🔵 Goitre Deficiency of iodine.
🔵 First test tube baby at lahore in 1989.
🔵 Night blindness Deficiency of Vitamin A.
🔵 In hen the fertilization is Internal.
🔵 The period of Development in a chick is 21 days.
🔵 In penicillin the number of Chromosomes is 2.
🔵 In Mosquito the number of Chromosomes is 6.
🔵 In Drosphila the number of Chromosomes is 8.
🔵 In Garden Pea the number of Chromosomes is 14.
🔵 In Frog the number of Chromosomes is 26.
🔵 In Human being the number of Chromosomes is 46.
🔵 In Fern the number of Chromosomes is 1000.
🔵 Each Chromosomes consists of two threads, called Chromatids
🔵 The chromosomes are attached together by a small body, called Centromere.
🔵 The male contains the chromosomes XY.
🔵 The female Contains the s*x Chromosomes XX.
🔵 In Chromosome the percentage of DNA is 30 to 40 %'
🔵 Who is the father of Genetics Gregor Mendel.
🔵 Epitasis Term was used by Bateson.
🔵 Diabetes disease is due to the deficiency of Insulin.
🔵 The genetic interaction is called Apotasis.
🔵 Twins, cancer cells and tumor cells are the example of Cloning
🔵 Down's syndrome disease is considered as Unifactorial Defect.
🔵 Huntington's disease is caused due to Autosomal dominant allels.
🔵 The Cystic Fibrosis disease is caused by Autosomal Recessive allele.
🔵 Germinal Continuity theory proposed by Darwin.
🔵 Mutation theory was proposed by Devries.
🔵 The fossil bird is known as Archaeopteryx.
🔵 Human Eye Muscle contact in 0.01 seconds
🔵 The osteoporosis is the Hormonal Disorder of skeleton
🔵 Cleft palate and microcephaly are the Genetic disorder of skeleton.
🔵 The exoskeleton in arthropods is made up of Chitin.
🔵 Sciatica is the disorder of Fore limbs.
🔵 Tetany and Cramps are the disorder of Muscle Contraction.
🔵 Abnormal muscle contraction are Tetant and Cramps.
🔵 heart Contraction is regulated by Pace maker.
🔵 Sino artial node is also called Pace maker.
🔵 The heart beat is controlled by Autonomic nervous system.
🔵 The non straited muscles are called Smooth Muscles.
🔵 The Contraction of smooth muscles is Involuntary.
🔵 The bones are connected to one another by Ligaments.
🔵 The Cytoplasm of Muscle fibre is called Sarcoplasm.
🔵 The drak band on muscle fibres is called A band.
🔵 Earthworms move by the help of setae.
🔵 The muscles are attached to the bones by Tendons.
🔵 The star fish moves by Sarcolemma.
🔵 The rhthmic contraction of cardiac muscles is called Heart Beat.
🔵 Emergency hormone is called Adrenaline.
🔵 Endocrine Gland present in the brain below the thalamus is called Pituitary gland.
🔵 The secretion of endocrine glands is called Hormones.
🔵 Thyroxine hormone is secreted by Thyroid gland.
🔵 Insulin hormone is secreted by Pancreas.
🔵 Insulin regulates the amount of Sugar

*Forwarded by*
*_🇵🇰Fakhrani🇵🇰_*

* *👇👇👇

🔵 Goitre Deficiency of iodine.
🔵 First test tube baby at lahore in 1989.
🔵 Night blindness Deficiency of Vitamin A.
🔵 In hen the fertilization is Internal.
🔵 The period of Development in a chick is 21 days.
🔵 In penicillin the number of Chromosomes is 2.
🔵 In Mosquito the number of Chromosomes is 6.
🔵 In Drosphila the number of Chromosomes is 8.
🔵 In Garden Pea the number of Chromosomes is 14.
🔵 In Frog the number of Chromosomes is 26.
🔵 In Human being the number of Chromosomes is 46.
🔵 In Fern the number of Chromosomes is 1000.
🔵 Each Chromosomes consists of two threads, called Chromatids
🔵 The chromosomes are attached together by a small body, called Centromere.
🔵 The male contains the chromosomes XY.
🔵 The female Contains the s*x Chromosomes XX.
🔵 In Chromosome the percentage of DNA is 30 to 40 %'
🔵 Who is the father of Genetics Gregor Mendel.
🔵 Epitasis Term was used by Bateson.
🔵 Diabetes disease is due to the deficiency of Insulin.
🔵 The genetic interaction is called Apotasis.
🔵 Twins, cancer cells and tumor cells are the example of Cloning
🔵 Down's syndrome disease is considered as Unifactorial Defect.
🔵 Huntington's disease is caused due to Autosomal dominant allels.
🔵 The Cystic Fibrosis disease is caused by Autosomal Recessive allele.
🔵 Germinal Continuity theory proposed by Darwin.
🔵 Mutation theory was proposed by Devries.
🔵 The fossil bird is known as Archaeopteryx.
🔵 Human Eye Muscle contact in 0.01 seconds
🔵 The osteoporosis is the Hormonal Disorder of skeleton
🔵 Cleft palate and microcephaly are the Genetic disorder of skeleton.
🔵 The exoskeleton in arthropods is made up of Chitin.
🔵 Sciatica is the disorder of Fore limbs.
🔵 Tetany and Cramps are the disorder of Muscle Contraction.
🔵 Abnormal muscle contraction are Tetant and Cramps.
🔵 heart Contraction is regulated by Pace maker.
🔵 Sino artial node is also called Pace maker.
🔵 The heart beat is controlled by Autonomic nervous system.
🔵 The non straited muscles are called Smooth Muscles.
🔵 The Contraction of smooth muscles is Involuntary.
🔵 The bones are connected to one another by Ligaments.
🔵 The Cytoplasm of Muscle fibre is called Sarcoplasm.
🔵 The drak band on muscle fibres is called A band.
🔵 Earthworms move by the help of setae.
🔵 The muscles are attached to the bones by Tendons.
🔵 The star fish moves by Sarcolemma.
🔵 The rhthmic contraction of cardiac muscles is called Heart Beat.
🔵 Emergency hormone is called Adrenaline.
🔵 Endocrine Gland present in the brain below the thalamus is called Pituitary gland.
🔵 The secretion of endocrine glands is called Hormones.
🔵 Thyroxine hormone is secreted by Thyroid gland.
🔵 Insulin hormone is secreted by Pancreas.
🔵 Insulin regulates the amount of Sugar.*Every Day Science*

🔵 Goitre Deficiency of iodine.
🔵 First test tube baby at lahore in 1989.
🔵 Night blindness Deficiency of Vitamin A.
🔵 In hen the fertilization is Internal.
🔵 The period of Development in a chick is 21 days.
🔵 In penicillin the number of Chromosomes is 2.
🔵 In Mosquito the number of Chromosomes is 6.
🔵 In Drosphila the number of Chromosomes is 8.
🔵 In Garden Pea the number of Chromosomes is 14.
🔵 In Frog the number of Chromosomes is 26.
🔵 In Human being the number of Chromosomes is 46.
🔵 In Fern the number of Chromosomes is 1000.
🔵 Each Chromosomes consists of two threads, called Chromatids
🔵 The chromosomes are attached together by a small body, called Centromere.
🔵 The male contains the chromosomes XY.
🔵 The female Contains the s*x Chromosomes XX.
🔵 In Chromosome the percentage of DNA is 30 to 40 %'
🔵 Who is the father of Genetics Gregor Mendel.
🔵 Epitasis Term was used by Bateson.
🔵 Diabetes disease is due to the deficiency of Insulin.
🔵 The genetic interaction is called Apotasis.
🔵 Twins, cancer cells and tumor cells are the example of Cloning
🔵 Down's syndrome disease is considered as Unifactorial Defect.
🔵 Huntington's disease is caused due to Autosomal dominant allels.
🔵 The Cystic Fibrosis disease is caused by Autosomal Recessive allele.
🔵 Germinal Continuity theory proposed by Darwin.
🔵 Mutation theory was proposed by Devries.
🔵 The fossil bird is known as Archaeopteryx.
🔵 Human Eye Muscle contact in 0.01 seconds
🔵 The osteoporosis is the Hormonal Disorder of skeleton
🔵 Cleft palate and microcephaly are the Genetic disorder of skeleton.
🔵 The exoskeleton in arthropods is made up of Chitin.
🔵 Sciatica is the disorder of Fore limbs.
🔵 Tetany and Cramps are the disorder of Muscle Contraction.
🔵 Abnormal muscle contraction are Tetant and Cramps.
🔵 heart Contraction is regulated by Pace maker.
🔵 Sino artial node is also called Pace maker.
🔵 The heart beat is controlled by Autonomic nervous system.
🔵 The non straited muscles are called Smooth Muscles.
🔵 The Contraction of smooth muscles is Involuntary.
🔵 The bones are connected to one another by Ligaments.
🔵 The Cytoplasm of Muscle fibre is called Sarcoplasm.
🔵 The drak band on muscle fibres is called A band.
🔵 Earthworms move by the help of setae.
🔵 The muscles are attached to the bones by Tendons.
🔵 The star fish moves by Sarcolemma.
🔵 The rhthmic contraction of cardiac muscles is called Heart Beat.
🔵 Emergency hormone is called Adrenaline.
🔵 Endocrine Gland present in the brain below the thalamus is called Pituitary gland.
🔵 The secretion of endocrine glands is called Hormones.
🔵 Thyroxine hormone is secreted by Thyroid gland.
🔵 Insulin hormone is secreted by Pancreas.
🔵 Insulin regulates the amount of Sugar

*Forwarded by*
*_🇵🇰Fakhrani🇵🇰_*

Biology with zoologest Mohammad idrees only science

Important MCQS For CT and PSt test

𝒃𝒂𝒔𝒊𝒄 𝒅𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆 𝒃𝒆𝒕𝒘𝒆𝒆𝒏 𝑷𝒓𝒐𝒌𝒂𝒓𝒚𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒄&𝑬𝒖𝒌𝒂𝒓𝒚𝒐𝒕𝒊𝒄 𝒄𝒆𝒍𝒍

𝘾𝙚𝙡𝙡 𝙗𝙞𝙤𝙡𝙤𝙜𝙮 𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙙𝙨𝙬𝙧𝙞𝙩𝙩𝙚𝙣𝙣𝙤𝙩𝙚𝙨

🎀(1)
👉Porous body
👉CaCO3 Silica Skeleton
👉Asymmetrical
👉Amphiblastula larva
👉Diffuse cellular organization
👉Spongocoel body cavity
🎀(2)
👉Radially symmetrical
👉Body cavity “Coelentron”
👉Pnedoblast – Defensive cells
👉Diploblast (Ecto + Endoderm)
👉Middle non-cellular layer “Mesoglea”
👉Larva – Planula Larva
👉Morphologically
👉a- Medusa = Umbrella like
👉b- Polyp = Rod shaped
🎀(3)
👉Flatworms
👉Totally Parasite
👉Flat or Ribbon shaped
👉Excretory organs – Proto nephridia (Flame cells)
👉Aeoelomate (Absence of body cavity)
👉It is the first phylum containing triplo blastic animals
👉Usually Hermaphrodites
👉Planaria is the only free living member
👉High fertility rate
👉Bilaterally Symmetrical
🎀(4) (NEMATODA – ROUND WORMS)
👉Totally parasitic including 50 human parasite
👉Bilaterally symmetrical with cylindrical body
👉Two openings (Mouth & A**s)
👉Psudocoelomates
👉Common diseases – Ascariasis, filiariasis (elephantiasis), hook worm infection.
🎀(5) (SEGMENTED WORMS)
👉Metamers (External segmentation)
👉Septae (Internal segmentation)
👉Setae (Locomotary organs) or cheata
👉Digestive, excretory, nervous, reproductive 👉system well developed.
👉Respiration through diffusion
👉Blood is red with a closed type of circulatory 👉system (with many pulsatile hearts)
🎀
👉Setae with Parapodia
👉Separate s*xes
👉Sabella (Peacock worm), Nereis (Clam worm)
🎀
👉Setae without Parapodia
👉Pheretima (Earth worm)
🎀 (LEACHES)
👉Free living, Ecto or Endo parasite
👉Contains a Enzyme hirudin which prevents blood clotting
🎀(6) (SOFT BODIED ANIMAL)
👉Second largest phylum
👉Largest invertebrate – Gram squlds
👉External hard covering calcium carbonate shell
👉A grinding structure radula is present in the buccal cavity
👉Thin membraneous covering of the body – mantle
👉Respiration through gills
👉Locomotary organ a mascular foot
👉Larva – Trocophore larva
🎀
👉A phenomenon torsion is present in which the animal body rotates at the angle of 180˚
Example: Pila
🎀
👉Second largest class of mollusca
👉Shell consist of two parts and attached with eachother by hinge joint
👉Common examples: Unio, mytilus and pearl oysters
🎀
👉All members are marine
👉Locomotary organ foot transformed into suckers which bears tentacles and arms
👉Example: Sepia (cuttle fish), loligo (squids), octopus (devil fish)
👉Shell is absent in octopus
🎀🎀(7) ( JOINTED LEGS)
👉Largest phylum
👉One million species
👉Metamerically segmented animals
👉Blood filled cavity hoemocoel is present
👉Blood without haemoglobin (white)
👉Respiration: Gills, Trachea or Book lungs
👉Excretory organs malphigian tubules
👉Nervous system well developed
👉Compound erges with sharp vision
👉Metamorphosis = developmental changes which transforms a larva into its developed adult form
👉Incomplete metamorphosis = egg → nymph → adult e.g. cockroach
👉Complete metamorphosis = ®️ egg ®️ larva ®️ pupa ®️ adult e.g. Butterfly, common, housefly and mosquito
👉Moulting (ecdysis)
👉Changing over of old exoskeleton and formation of a new one
👉Apiculture => Farming of honey bees
Sericulture => Farming of silk worms
🎀
👉Limulus (king crab)
🎀 (SPIDER LIKE)
👉Group of Spiders & Scorpions
👉Respiration through book lungs
👉Four pair of walking legs
🎀
👉Class of prawns, shrimps, lobsters, crabs
👉Two pairs of antenae, one pair of mandible and two pair of maxilla
👉Exoskeleton a large plate of carapase
👉Sacculina is the only parasitic member
🎀
👉Class of millipedes and centipedes
👉Body is divided into similar multiple segments
🎀 OR HEXAPODA
👉Largest class (eight lakhs & 50,000 members)
👉Study of insects is called entomology
👉Three pairs of walking legs
👉Pterygota (insects with wings)
👉Apterygota (insects without wings)
Social insects: Ants, termites, honey bees
🎀(8) (ANIMAL WITH SPINY SKIN)
👉Marine animals
👉Radially symmetrical
👉Pentamerous body
👉Water vascular system is present
👉Locomotary organs are tube feets = External 👉openings of the water vascular system
👉Exoskeleton is made up of calcarious plates in the form of spines
👉Power of regemeration is very great
👉Phylum echinodermata, hemichordata & chordate posses common ancestor
Bipinnaria larva is present
👉Common e.g. Sea Star (Star fish, Brittle star, Sea dollar, Sea urchins, Sea cucumbers.
🎀(9) (ANIMAL WITH HALF NOTOCHORD)
👉Notochord in future = Vertebral column + Skull
👉Dorsal nerve cord = Brain and Spinal cord
👉Pharengeal gill slits Aquatic animals = gills
-👉> Terrestrial = Internal neck structures
👉Only 90 species are present
👉Larva is tornaria larva
👉Open circulatory system
🎀(10)
🎀GROUP
👉Brain without any covering or skull
🎀SUB-PHYLUM
👉Also known as tunicates
👉Body is enclosed in a sac tunic
👉Only embryonical stages show chordate characters
🎀SUB-PHYLUM CEPHALO CHORDATA
👉Embryonic as well as adult both forms show typical chordate characters
🎀GROUP OR VERTEBRATA
👉Brain and spinal cord is enclosed in a hard covering skull & vertebral column respectively
🎀SUB-PHYLUM (ANIMALS WITHOUT JAWS)
👉Also known as cyclostomes or jawless fishes
👉Totally parasitic
👉Teeth are present in the form of rings
👉Common e.g. Hag fishes, lamprey
🎀SUB–PHYLUM (ANIMAL WITH JAWS)
👉Teeth may be present or absent
👉Amphibians and bird lack teeth
👉Fishes, reptiles, mammals do have teeth
🎀1. SUPER – CLASS PICSES ( )
👉Study of fish is known as echthylogy
🎀SUB – CLASS (CARTILAGENOUS FISHES)
👉Endo skeleton is cartilaginous (soft b***d)
👉Exoskeleton – Placoid scales
👉Fins are heterocircle (different size and shaped)
👉Gills without any covering
👉Common example (Sharks, Squids, torpedo, electric ray)
👉Scolidoen (dog fish) – Small Shark
SUB – CLASS (BONY FISHES)
👉Exoskeleton cycloid or ctenoid scales
Operculum is present (covering of gills)
👉Fins are homocircle (Same size and shape)
👉Lung fishes are included in order dipnoi.
🎀2. SUPER CLASS
🎀1. CLASS
👉Exoskeleton is absent
👉Respiration by lungs, gills or skin
👉Fertilization is external
👉Cold blooded
👉Having the characteristics of hibernation & aestivation
👉Common e.g. Toads, frogs, salamanders etc.
🎀2. CLASS
👉Included in group amniota due to the presence of amnion in eggs
👉Fertilization is internal
👉Exoskeleton is made up of thick h***y scales
👉Important members are snakes, turtles, lizards, crocodiles and alligators
👉Venom → Snake poison
👉Fangs → sharped and curved teeth of snake
🎀3. CLASS (BIRDS)
👉Study of birds is called ornithology
👉They posses hollow bones (Pneumatic bones)
👉Sound producing organ “Syrinx” is present instead of larynx.
👉Teeth totally absent.
🎀SUB CLASS (FLIGHT LESS BIRDS)
E.g. Penguin, Kiwi, Ostrich.
Ostrich → Largest Bird.
🎀SUB CLASS (FLYING BIRDS)
👉Wings with interlocking system.
👉Common e.g. Peacock, Seagulls, Kites, Falcon etc.
👉Archeopetryx → Intermediate specie between reptiles and birds.
🎀4. CLASS
👉Presence of mammary glands and hairs.
👉A muscular organ diaphragm, which separates thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity.
👉Teeth are present with different size and shape (heterodont).
👉a- Incissors → for biting and cutting purpose
👉b- Canives → Tearing purpose
👉c- Pre-Molars -> For grinding and holding purpose
👉d- Molars -> For grinding and holding purpose
🎀SUB CLASS (EGG LAYING MAMMALS)
👉Also called monotremous.
👉Two genera with 3 species
Oviparous.
👉Common urogenital opening Cloaca is present.
👉External ear is absent.
👉It is a connecting link between reptiles and true mammals. e.g. spiny anteater, duck billed platypus.
🎀SUB CLASS (POUCHED MAMMALS)
Marsupials
👉Give birth to live young ones.
👉Special pouch like bag is present in the ventral side of female.
👉This pouch is known as marsupial.
Common e.g. Kangaroo, Kuala bear, Opossums.
🎀SUB CLASS (PLACENTAL ANIMALS)
👉95% of mammals are included in this group.
Viviparous.
👉Placenta → connecting link between mother and fetus.
👉Common e.g. Camel, donkey, elephant, bat, whale, dolphin.
👉Markhor is the national animal of Pakistan also known as Wil
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