18/07/2026
1. Who developed the theory of psychosocial development?
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Jean Piaget
C) Erik Erikson ✓
D) Lawrence Kohlberg
2. How many stages are there in Erikson's psychosocial development theory?
A) 5
B) 6
C) 8 ✓
D) 12
3. What is the main conflict that individuals face at each stage of Erikson's theory?
A) Biological vs. environmental factors
B) Psychosocial crisis ✓
C) Cognitive dissonance
D) Moral dilemmas
4. According to Erikson, what happens if a stage is not successfully resolved?
A) The person cannot move to the next stage
B) The person develops a mental illness
C) The person may struggle with that issue throughout life ✓
D) The person remains at that stage permanently
Stage 1: Trust vs. Mistrust (Infancy, 0-1 year)
5. In the classroom, students who successfully resolved the "Trust vs. Mistrust" stage are likely to:
A) Be overly dependent on teachers
B) Feel secure and confident in the learning environment ✓
C) Refuse to participate in group activities
D) Show aggressive behavior toward peers
6. A teacher can help build trust in young children by:
A) Being strict and consistent with rules only
B) Being responsive, reliable, and caring ✓
C) Allowing complete freedom without boundaries
D) Focusing only on academic achievement
Stage 2: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Early Childhood, 1-3 years)
7. In educational settings, children in the "Autonomy vs. Shame" stage benefit most from:
A) Highly structured, teacher-directed activities
B) Opportunities to make choices and do things independently ✓
C) Constant adult supervision and correction
D) Competitive group activities
8. A teacher who criticizes a child excessively for mistakes may contribute to feelings of:
A) Guilt
B) Shame and doubt ✓
C) Inferiority
D) Isolation
Stage 3: Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschool, 3-6 years)
9. Children who successfully resolve the "Initiative vs. Guilt" crisis tend to:
A) Be passive and wait for instructions
B) Take initiative in learning and social activities ✓
C) Avoid all leadership roles
D) Show excessive dependence on peers
10. To encourage initiative in preschool children, a teacher should:
A) Plan all activities and allow no free play
B) Provide opportunities for creative play and decision-making ✓
C) Punish all mistakes immediately
D) Compare children with their peers
Stage 4: Industry vs. Inferiority (School Age, 6-12 years)
11. The "Industry vs. Inferiority" stage is most relevant to which educational level?
A) Preschool
B) Elementary/Primary school ✓
C) University
D) Adult education
12. A student who consistently fails at academic tasks without support may develop:
A) Trust issues
B) Feelings of inferiority ✓
C) Identity confusion
D) Role confusion
13. Teachers can foster "industry" in students by:
A) Giving only easy tasks to ensure success
B) Providing challenging but achievable tasks with support ✓
C) Comparing students publicly
D) Focusing only on the brightest students
Stage 5: Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescence, 12-18 years)
14. During adolescence, Erikson believed the primary educational challenge is:
A) Developing basic trust in teachers
B) Forming a coherent sense of identity ✓
C) Mastering basic academic skills
D) Achieving financial independence
15. A teacher can support identity formation in adolescents by:
A) Dictating career choices for students
B) Encouraging self-exploration and diverse experiences ✓
C) Discouraging extracurricular activities
