09/04/2023
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(Why female su***de is rising in GB? Causes and consequences)
Nosheen case study.
According to the police report, Nosheen, aged 11 years, who was studying Quran at Iqra School, Chatorkhand. His father was drinking tea in the kitchen at 07:30 am.
After drinking, he went out to the fields to cut trees
At around 11:00 am, when he heard a noise in the house, he ran home, and the other children told him that Nosheen had committed su***de by going inside the washroom and hanging herself.
The reason for the su***de is not known. There is no wrongdoing by the petitioner. Investigate gives the written request was registered on a day as mentioned earlier, and the action was started on 174 ZF. MO Sahib Civil Hospital Chatorkhand conducted a postmortem after being taken into custody.
Received the postmortem report from the medical officer dated June 15, 2021. REMARKS:
After conducting a postmortem of the deceased body, I concluded that there was significant evidence of a sexual assault. In light of the postmortem report, Nosheen was killed after adultery. Unlike unknown Accused / Accused Case No. 04/2021 under Criminal Code 302, 376 was established. The police station was instructed to complete the FIR and complete the records. FIR was registered against unknown persons.
After the first postmortem report investigation with the registered FIR, police found the murder of Nosheen named Nazir Ahmad. He is 25 years young married, and a tractor driver by profession. Recently he has been sentenced to death and life improvement.
Su***de is one of the major causes of death around the globe. It is an understudied matter and an under-researched subject in Pakistan. Su***de can be understood as a kind of sociality and social relationship through which people create meaning in their lives.
Su***de, generally accepted, is ultimately a deadly violence directed against the self. As a form of death, it has evoked a diversity of reactions from the living, ranging from sadness and fascination to repulsion and condemnation. Su***de is the act of killing yourself, most often as a result of depression or other mental illness.
Su***de is defined by World Health Organization (WHO, 2004) as "the act of intentionally killing oneself" (as cited in. Globally, one completed su***de every 40 seconds, while five percent of people in the world try to kill themselves at least once during their lifetime. Annually, 800,000 people commit su***de. Around 79% of su***des are from low or middle-income countries.
Su***de from a religious perspective.
Su***de is considered a sin from an Islamic perspective. Pakistan, an Islamic country constituting 97% Muslims, not only considered su***de a sin, but subsequently, it became a criminal offense in Pakistan Penal Code 309 in the legal definition. However, it is argued that the legal implications for su***de attempts raise ethical issues because suicidal behaviors are mainly precipitated by prevailing socioeconomic conditions, which are directly related to government policies۔
Gilgit Baltistan has an increasing number of female su***des.
In recent years, the number of female su***de attempts and completions has increased in the Gilgit-Baltistan (GB; formerly known as Northern Districts of Pakistan) region of rural and isolated Pakistan's mountains, specifically in the Ghizer and Hunza areas.
Studies from 2000 to 2004 revealed a high rate of 14.9 among women in the Ghizer region. Khan et al. computed the yearly crude su***de rates for women as 14.89/100,000/year from 2000 to 2004 in the Ghizer by using the average mean population for women for the five years as 65,783. He and his colleagues reported that 49 women aged 15 to 24 committed themselves. According to Khan et al., these numbers are significantly higher than the su***de rate.
Rapid social change and its effects.
"Bibi Rahnuma, a proponent of rapid social change, claimed that the mountainous culture and society had undergone a visible transformation due to this change from pastoral to agricultural subsistence, followed by government and non-government employment, which eventually led to the emergence of the merchant class. To capitalist society.
Social ideals are changing during this change from collectivism to individualism, leaving individuals to face their problems on their own with dwindling social assistance.
Thus leading to alienation and frustration, which are the significant risk factors of su***de."
"In Karachi, Pakistan, Khan and his colleagues discovered key risk variables and predictors related to su***des. These predictors include psychiatric diseases (particularly depression), marital status, unemployment, and adverse and stressful life events.
Expert research on the subject of su***de in Pakistan.
These studies showed that mental illnesses, low socioeconomic status, and loneliness were risk factors among people who intentionally harm themselves, while family conflict, marital issues, chronic diseases, unemployment, and comorbid psychiatric disorders were precipitating factors."
"Additionally, Sher, S., and Dinar researched the non-suicidal risk factors for su***de in Ghizer, including social (such as academic pressure, divorce, financial constraints, and relationship issues), cultural (such as limited personal freedom, demand for male children, and lack of decision-making power), and environmental factors.
Psychological (mental illness and depression) factors.
Some studies asserted that due to an expansion in educational facilities, exposure to modern technologies, and a boost in the overall literacy rate in GB, pressure, unrealistic parental expectations, and hopelessness are some of the leading causes of su***de in Ghizer and Hunza argued that the current societal.
The GB's organizational structure and the tension between tradition and modernity have been considered when addressing the su***de rates in Ghizer and Hunza.
Only one report stated a high level of domestic violence in women in GB.
Due to rising tuition costs, increased rivalry among students brought on by the rigorous environment found in educational institutions, and a lack of social support systems, students are under more stress than ever. Thus, failure-related anxiety, parent-teacher admonishment, and peer pressure are major risk factors for su***des among students in Pakistan.
Ghizer district of Gilgit, increase in su***de rate and statistics.
From January 1978 to October 2022, 321 su***des occurred in the Ghizer district, including 137 males and 175 females. According to the investigation into these su***de incidents, 94 men and women have taken their own lives because of domestic conflicts and violence. 8 people are fed up with poverty. One person suffered from unemployment. 4 people from social pressure. 100 people from mental stress. 10 people were living according to their wishes. 9 people due to failure in love and 9 people due to failure in exams, mentally upset, 12 men and women, 15 psychological patients, and due to unknown reasons, 16 people ended their lives with their own hands.
The su***de in Ghizer of Gilgit from 2017 to 2022.
According to the SP office total of 133 suicidal cases were reported in district Ghizer, out of which 55 were male And 78 were female
Out of the total cases
8 Cases were converted into 302 PPC, 23 into 322 PC, and the rest of 102 in proceeding under 174 Cr.p.c.
Why is it difficult for women journalists to report on this topic?
According to female journalist Kiran Qasim, she says that whenever we cover a story of a su***de case, especially from other districts, we need a different persona by our side.
When we collect information from the victim's home, it's different from the information provided by police and their neighborhood .there is a collision between them which create a challenge for us to cover the story.
I covered a story about my village. They all were very welcoming, and we're happy to see the Media persons for the first time at their doors to cover such stories.
The parents were upset and worried about the increasing su***de cases in the district, but the government was not paying their due attention.
In conclusion, su***de is a major global issue that is understudied and under-researched in Pakistan. It is considered a sin from an Islamic perspective and a criminal offence under the Pakistan Penal Code 309. The increasing number of female su***des in the Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan is attributed to rapid social change, leading to alienation and frustration. Studies have shown that risk factors for su***de in Pakistan include mental illness, low socioeconomic status, loneliness, family conflict, marital issues, chronic disease, unemployment, and comorbid psychiatric disorders. The findings emphasize the importance of addressing social, cultural, and environmental factors in preventing su***de.
