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Physics Notes 📝
Thermodynamics handwriting notes...

25/01/2026

l. Which of the following is always conserved in electrostatic processes?
A. Charge
B. Electric field
C. Electric potential
D. Electric force
✅ Ans: A

2. Electric field inside a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium is:
A. Maximum
B. Minimum
C. Zero
D. Uniform
✅ Ans: C

3. The SI unit of electric flux is:
A. N/C
B. V/m
C. Nm²/C
D. C/N
✅ Ans: C

4. According to Gauss’s law, electric flux through a closed surface depends on:
A. Shape of surface
B. Area of surface
C. Charge enclosed
D. Electric field outside
✅ Ans: C

5. If distance between two charges is doubled, electrostatic force becomes:
A. Double
B. Half
C. One-fourth
D. Four times
✅ Ans: C

6. Coulomb’s law is valid only for:
A. Moving charges
B. Large charges
C. Point charges
D. Conductors
✅ Ans: C

7. Electric field lines:
A. Intersect each other
B. Are closed loops
C. Start from positive charge
D. End on positive charge
✅ Ans: C

8. Which statement about electric field lines is correct?
A. They cross each other
B. They show direction of force on negative charge
C. Density represents field strength
D. They form circles
✅ Ans: C

9. Electric potential at a point is defined as:
A. Force per unit charge
B. Energy per unit charge
C. Work per unit distance
D. Charge per unit work
✅ Ans: B

10. Unit of electric potential is equivalent to:
A. J/C
B. N/C
C. Nm/C
D. C/J
✅ Ans: A

11. Which quantity is scalar?
A. Electric field
B. Electric force
C. Electric potential
D. Electric flux density
✅ Ans: C

12. Electric field is always perpendicular to:
A. Electric current
B. Equipotential surface
C. Electric flux
D. Magnetic field
✅ Ans: B

13. Work done in moving a charge along an equipotential surface is:
A. Maximum
B. Minimum
C. Zero
D. Infinite
✅ Ans: C

14. In a uniform electric field, potential varies:
A. Exponentially
B. Randomly
C. Linearly
D. Quadratically
✅ Ans: C

15. Dielectric constant of a medium is related to:
A. Electric field
B. Capacitance
C. Charge
D. Current
✅ Ans: B

16. Introduction of dielectric between capacitor plates:
A. Increases electric field
B. Decreases capacitance
C. Increases capacitance
D. Does not affect capacitance
✅ Ans: C

17. Electrostatic force is:
A. Contact force
B. Short range
C. Conservative
D. Non-conservative
✅ Ans: C

18. Potential energy of two like charges placed close together is:
A. Zero
B. Negative
C. Positive
D. Infinite
✅ Ans: C

19. Which factor does NOT affect capacitance of parallel plate capacitor?
A. Area of plates
B. Distance between plates
C. Nature of dielectric
D. Charge on plates
✅ Ans: D

20. In electrostatic equilibrium, excess charge on a conductor resides:
A. Inside volume
B. At centre
C. On surface
D. Uniformly everywhere
✅ Ans: C

25/01/2026

1. The image formed by a plane mirror is always:
A. Real and inverted
B. Virtual and inverted
C. Virtual and erect
D. Real and erect
👉 Ans: C

2. If a person moves 2 m towards a plane mirror, the distance between the person and image decreases by:
A. 1 m
B. 2 m
C. 4 m
D. 0 m
👉 Ans: C

3. The angle between incident ray and reflected ray when angle of incidence is 30° is:
A. 30°
B. 60°
C. 90°
D. 120°
👉 Ans: B

4. If a plane mirror is rotated by angle θ, the reflected ray rotates by:
A. θ
B. 2θ
C. θ/2
D. 4θ
👉 Ans: B

5. The lateral inversion in plane mirror means:
A. Top and bottom interchanged
B. Left and right interchanged
C. Image is inverted
D. Image is diminished
👉 Ans: B

6. A concave mirror can form:
A. Only virtual image
B. Only real image
C. Both real and virtual images
D. Only erect image
👉 Ans: C

7. The focal length of a concave mirror of radius 40 cm is:
A. 40 cm
B. 20 cm
C. 80 cm
D. 10 cm
👉 Ans: B

8. When an object is placed at centre of curvature of concave mirror, the image formed is:
A. At focus, diminished
B. At centre, same size
C. Behind mirror, enlarged
D. At infinity
👉 Ans: B

9. A convex mirror always forms image which is:
A. Real and inverted
B. Virtual and enlarged
C. Virtual and diminished
D. Real and diminished
👉 Ans: C

10. Which mirror is used as rear-view mirror in vehicles?
A. Plane mirror
B. Concave mirror
C. Convex mirror
D. Parabolic mirror
👉 Ans: C

11. The magnification produced by plane mirror is:
A. +1
B. −1
C. Greater than 1
D. Less than 1
👉 Ans: A

12. For a concave mirror, if image is virtual then magnification is:
A. Negative
B. Zero
C. Positive
D. Infinite
👉 Ans: C

16/01/2026