Mathematics & Science Clinic

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TO MASTER BASIC MATH FACTS: STRATEGIZE, THEN MEMORIZE

Nothing may be more feared in the minds of young children and their parents than learning the basic math facts. Just hearing the times tables takes many of us back to our own childhoods, staring at a blank page and trying to remember the dreaded 9 x 8 = 72. The good news is that our own children should not have to suffer the same fear. A substantial amount of mathematics education research shows that children do not master their math facts through memorization alone. Instead, true mastery comes from being equipped with quick and effective strategies for finding the solution. By using these strategies, children will always have the mental tools needed to find the correct answer and the confidence to use them.

With a strategy-based approach to the basic math facts, children use what they already know to figure out what they don’t know. Rather than racking their brains to remember the answer to a basic math fact, they can simply find a “helping” fact and use it as a jumping- off point. For example, let’s say that your child knows the common fact 5 x 5 = 25. She can then add one more 5 to figure out that 6 x 5 = 30. Think of this as the “one more than” strategy. There are many such strategies that parents can teach their children in order to equip them with the tools they need to master all of their math facts. As a parent, remember that as long as your child can figure out an answer quickly in her head (in about 3 seconds or less), she has mastered the fact and can use it in meaningful ways as part of her daily life.

Some of the most common strategies for basic fact mastery include:

1. Skip Counting – Perhaps the simplest strategy that children can begin learning at an early age is skip counting, that is, counting by 2s, 5s, 10s, etc. Skip counting is fun to do and children begin to hear patterns in numbers. When paired with a chart, they can even begin to see those patterns. For instance, when skip counting by 10s, see if your child notices the pattern that all the numbers end in zero!

2. Make 10 – A useful way for children to think about numbers is in relationship to 10, which can serve as a mental anchor for them. For instance, when children are learning the math fact 14 – 6 = 8, they don’t need to subtract 6 all at once. Instead, they can first take away 4 from 14 to make 10 and then take away 2 more from 10 to equal 8.

3. Doubles and Near Doubles – Many children are already familiar with doubles facts. They know that 3 + 3 = 6, for instance. They can draw upon their knowledge of doubles and simply count one more to figure out near doubles such as 3 + 4 = 7.

4. Nines – Multiplying by 10 is often clear even for young children. Because nine is so close to 10, 9 facts are fairly straightforward to work out mentally. For instance, if a child knows that 10 x 7 = 70, they can take away one 7 to figure out that 9 x 7 = 63. Nines also have lots of patterns to explore together.

5. Commutative Property – This is the mathematical way to say, “you can add or multiply numbers in any order and you get the same answer.” Based on this property, if your child knows 3 + 2 = 5, then he can solve 2 + 3 = 5. Taking this approach cuts the number of addition and multiplication facts in half!

6. Use Fact Families – Children know that addition facts are connected to subtraction facts, and multiplication facts are to division facts. Therefore, it is helpful if they learn their basic facts as part of “fact families.” For instance, an addition and subtraction fact family might include 7 + 8 = 15 as well as 15 – 8 = 7. Using this approach, again, cuts the number of math facts in half.

7. Make it Real – Finally, don’t limit your practice of basic math facts to traditional flashcards. Instead, play math games and point out math relationships in real life. For instance, while your child is racing toy cars, you might show him that each car has 4 tires and ask how he could quickly figure out how many tires are on all 6 cars without counting each one. Then, ask him how he came to his solution and make math something that you talk about together every day.

Excerpt from: www.parenttoolkit.com

Mathematics & Science Clinic is a body of seasoned educators in Mathematics and science subjects, with the vision and mission to reach out to all categories of students through private coaching.
If you are resident in Port Harcourt, take advantage of this opportunity and lay a solid foundation for your child/children in Mathematics and science subjects.

Call now: +2348064255961; +2348150774541

E-mail us: [email protected]

Follow us on facebook: fb.me/maths.science.clinic

Website: http://mathematics-science-clinic.business.site/

Mathematics & Science Clinic is a body of seasoned educators in Mathematics and science subjects, with the vision and mission to reach out to all categories of students through private coaching. With our well structured and simplified (easy-to-understand) approach, we shall teach the students from the rudiments to the level wherein they are prepared and set for junior and senior external examinations (WAEC, NECO and JAMB) in Mathematics and science subjects.

Our focus is on the following subjects:
1. Mathematics
2. Further maths
3. Physics
4. Chemistry
5. Technical Drawing
6. Basic Science/Technology

Our services include:
1. Private coaching (home tutoring)
2. Part-time teaching (intervention) in private and public schools
3. Tutorial classes

And our target audience are students:
1. In Senior secondary school (SS1-3)
2. In Junior secondary school (JS1-3)
3. Preparing for GCE and JAMB
4. In primary school (Basic 1-6)

If you are resident in Port Harcourt, take advantage of this opportunity and lay a solid foundation for your child/children in Mathematics and science subjects.

Call now: +2348064255961; +2348150774541

E-mail us: [email protected]

Follow us on facebook: fb.me/maths.science.clinic

Website: http://mathematics-science-clinic.business.site/

Mathematics & Science Clinic is a body of seasoned educators in Mathematics and science subjects, with the vision and mission to reach out to all categories of students through private coaching. With our well structured and simplified (easy-to-understand) approach, we shall teach the students from the rudiments to the level wherein they are prepared and set for junior and senior external examinations (WAEC, NECO and JAMB) in Mathematics and science subjects.

Our focus is on the following subjects:
1. Mathematics
2. Further maths
3. Physics
4. Chemistry
5. Technical Drawing
6. Basic Science/Technology

Our services include:
1. Private coaching (home tutoring)
2. Part-time teaching (intervention) in private and public schools
3. Tutorial classes

And our target audience are students:
1. In Senior secondary school (SS1-3)
2. In Junior secondary school (JS1-3)
3. Preparing for GCE and JAMB
4. In primary school (Basic 1-6)
If you are resident in Port Harcourt, take advantage of this opportunity and lay a solid foundation for your child/children in Mathematics and science subjects.

Call now: +2348064255961; +2348150774541
E-mail us: [email protected]
follow us on facebook: fb.me/maths.science.clinic
Website: http://mathematics-science-clinic.business.site/

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HOW TO DO WELL IN PHYSICS

For some lucky individuals, being good at physics comes naturally. For the rest of us, however, getting a good grade in physics requires a significant amount of hard work. Luckily, by learning important foundational skills and practicing often, almost anyone can master their physics material. However, even more important than getting a good grade is the fact that a better understanding of physics may shed light on some of the seemingly mysterious forces that govern the way the world works.

1. Memorize basic constants.

In physics, certain forces, like the accelerating force of gravity on earth, are assigned mathematical constants. This is simply a fancy way of saying that these forces are usually represented as the same number regardless of where or how they're used. It's a smart idea to memorize the most common constants (and their units) — often, they won't be provided on tests.
Below are a few of the most frequently-used constants in physics:
a. Gravity (on earth): 9.81 meters/second2
b. Speed of light: 3 × 10E8 meters/second
c. Molar gas constant: 8.32 Joules/(mole × Kelvin)
d. Avogadro's number: 6.02 × 10E23 per mole
e. Planck's Constant: 6.63 × 10E-34 Joules × seconds

2. Memorize basic equations.

In physics, the relationships between the many different forces acting in the universe are described with equations. Some of these equations are very simple, while some are enormously complex. Having the simplest equations memorized and knowing how to use them is critical when tackling both simple and complex problems. Even difficult and confusing problems are often solved by using several simple equations or modifying these simple equations so that they fit new situations. These basic equations are the easiest part of physics to learn, and if you know them well, the odds are that you will at least know some part of every complex problem you face.
Just a few of the most important equations are:
a. Velocity = Change in position/Change in time (dx/dt)
b. Acceleration = Change in velocity/Change in time
c. Current velocity = Initial velocity + (Acceleration × time)
d. Force = Mass × acceleration
e. Kinetic energy = (1/2)Mass × velocity2
f. Work = Displacement × force
g. Power = Change in work/Change in time
h. Momentum = Mass × velocity

3. Study the derivation of basic equations.

Having your simple equations memorized is one thing — understanding why these equations work is another entirely. If you can, take time to learn how each basic physics equation is derived. This gives you a much clearer understanding of the relationship between the equations and makes you a more versatile problems-solver. Since you essentially understand how the equation "works", you'll be able to use it much more effectively than if it's simply a rote, memorized string of characters in your mind.
For example, let's look at a very simple equation:
a. Acceleration = Change in velocity/Change in time, or a = Delta(v)/Delta(t).
b. Acceleration is the force that causes an object's velocity to change. If an object has an initial velocity of v0 at time t0 and a final velocity of v at time t, the object can be said to accelerate as it changes from v0 to v.
c. Acceleration can't be instantaneous — no matter how fast it occurs, there will be some time difference between when the object is traveling at its initial velocity and when it reaches its final velocity. Thus, a = (v - v0/t - t0) = Delta(v)/Delta(t).

4. Learn the math skills required to do physics problems.

Math is often said to be "the language of physics." Becoming an expert in the fundamentals of math is a great way to improve your ability to master physics problems. Some complex physics equations even require specialized mathematical skills (like taking derivatives and integrals) to be solved.
Below are just a few math topics that can help you perform physics problems, in order of complexity:
a. Pre-algebra and algebra (for basic equations and "find the unknown" problems)
b. Trigonometry (for force diagrams, rotation problems, and angled systems)
c. Geometry (for problems dealing with area, volume, etc.)
d. Precalculus and calculus (for taking derivatives and integrals of physics equations — usually advanced topics)

Excerpt from: www.wikihow.com

Mathematics & Science Clinic is a body of seasoned educators in Mathematics and science subjects, with the vision and mission to reach out to all categories of students through private coaching.
If you are resident in Port Harcourt, take advantage of this opportunity and lay a solid foundation for your child/children in Mathematics and science subjects.

Call now: +2348064255961; +2348150774541

E-mail us: [email protected]

Follow us on facebook: fb.me/maths.science.clinic

Website: http://mathematics-science-clinic.business.site/