BrainBuzz Quiz Hub

✅ Abdominal Pain – Easy Guide

Abdominal pain can be understood by location. Each region suggests specific causes.

✅ Upper Abdomen

🔹 Epigastric (middle upper)

Common stomach & heart-related causes:
• Gastritis
• GERD
• Peptic ulcer disease (PUD)
• Pancreatitis
• Heart attack (MI)
• Esophagitis
• Pericarditis
• Ruptured AAA (dangerous)

🔹 Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)

Mostly liver & gallbladder:
• Gallstones / Biliary colic
• Cholecystitis
• Cholangitis
• Hepatitis
• Pancreatitis
• Liver abscess
• Budd–Chiari (rare)

🔹 Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)

Mostly spleen & stomach:
• Splenic infarct / rupture
• Splenic abscess
• Gastritis
• Peptic ulcer
• Pancreatitis
• Sub-diaphragmatic abscess

✅ Middle Abdomen

🔹 Periumbilical (around belly button)

Gut-related:
• Early appendicitis
• Gastroenteritis
• Small bowel obstruction
• IBS/IBD
• Ruptured AAA (dangerous)

🔹 Right Lumbar
• Kidney stones
• Pyelonephritis (kidney infection)
• Perinephric abscess

🔹 Left Lumbar

Same as right:
• Kidney stones
• Pyelonephritis
• Perinephric abscess

✅ Lower Abdomen

🔹 Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)

The classic:
• Appendicitis
• Ectopic pregnancy
• Ovarian issues
• Hernia
• Nephrolithiasis
• IBS/IBD
• Cecal volvulus

🔹 Suprapubic / Hypogastrium

Bladder, uterus, or bowel:
• UTI / cystitis
• Urinary retention
• IBS/IBD
• Ovarian cyst

🔹 Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)

Colon & reproductive:
• Diverticulitis
• Ectopic pregnancy
• Salpingitis
• IBS/IBD
• Nephrolithiasis
• Sigmoid volvulus

✅ Diffuse Abdominal Pain (all over)

These affect the entire abdomen:
• Gastroenteritis
• SBO (small bowel obstruction)
• Mesenteric ischemia
• Peritonitis
• IBS/IBD
• Diabetes (DKA)
• Functional or psychiatric causes
• Familial Mediterranean fever

✅ Chronic Pain
• IBS / IBD
• Dyspepsia
• Lactose intolerance
• Endometriosis
• Hernia
• Cancer (GI, GYN)

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