History Education Encyclopedia

THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR
Historical Context

Slavery

The institution of slavery is older the United States government. Slaves were first

introduced to America in 1619 by the Dutch to the North American colony of Jamestown,

Virginia. During the early colonial period all the colonies permitted slavery. Most Northern

slaves worked as house servants, while Southern slaves worked on plantations. The slaves

provided a cheap labor force to produce and cultivate lucrative crops such as to***co. Some

historians estimate that 6 to 7 million slaves were imported to the New World during the 18th

century alone, depriving the African continent of some of its healthiest and ablest men and

women. In the 17th and 18th centuries, holding slaves became less profitable in the North so it

was gradually abolished there, while slavery became vital to the to***co, rice and indigo

plantations of the southern coast. After the American Revolution, many colonists—particularly

in the North, where slavery was not an integral part of their economy—began to link the

oppression of Black slaves to their own oppression by the British, and called for slavery’s

abolition. However, after the war’s end, the new U.S. constitution enshrined slavery, counting

each slave as three-fifths of a person for the purposes of taxation and representation in Congress

and guaranteeing the right to repossess any “person held to service or labor.”

In the late 18th century, the land used to grow to***co was nearly exhausted creating an

economic crisis for the South, threatening the continued growth of slavery in America. This

coincided with the mechanization of the British textile industry, which created a huge demand

for cotton. Cotton’s production was limited by the difficulty of removing the seeds from raw

cotton fibers by hand, but in 1793, Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin. This device drasticaly. For more information
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♀️ANALYSIS OF WORLD WAR TWO ♨️
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WORLD WAR II
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World History
Wars, Battles & Armed Conflicts
World War II
1939–1945

WRITTEN BY
John Graham Royde-Smith See All Contributors
Associate Editor, History, Encyclopædia Britannica, London.
Last Updated: May 15, 2021 See Article History
Alternative Titles: Second World War, WWII
Below is the full article. For the article summary, see World War II summary.
World War II, also called Second World War, conflict that involved virtually every part of the world during the years 1939–45. The principal belligerents were the Axis powers—Germany, Italy, and Japan—and the Allies—France, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union, and, to a lesser extent, China. The war was in many respects a continuation, after an uneasy 20-year hiatus, of the disputes left unsettled by World War I. The 40,000,000–50,000,000 deaths incurred in World War II make it the bloodiest conflict, as well as the largest war, in history.

World War II: Germany invading Poland
World War II: Germany invading Poland
Germany invading Poland, September 1, 1939.
Photos.com/Thinkstock
World War II: Pacific Theatre of Operations
World War II: Pacific Theatre of Operations
The Pacific Theatre of Operations, 1941–45.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

World War II
QUICK FACTS
DATE
September 3, 1939 - September 2, 1945
PARTICIPANTS
Axis powers
Ethiopia
Free French
Honduras
Italy
Luxembourg
Netherlands
United Kingdom
Yugoslavia
Allied powers
KEY PEOPLE
Winston Churchill
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Charles de Gaulle
Adolf Hi**er
Benito Mussolini
Alessandro Pertini
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Joseph Stalin
Harry S. Truman
Chesty Puller
RELATED TOPICS
Blitzkrieg
Sherman tank
Colossus
Lancaster
Panzer
DID YOU KNOW?
About 70 million total soldiers fought on behalf of the Allied or Axis countries.
Switzerland, Spain, Portugal and Sweden all declared themselves neutral during WWII.
Some scholars argue that the "start" of WWII was in 1937 when Japan invaded

The history of Aldalf Hi**er

Death of Adolf Hi**er
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Adolf Hi**er was an Austrian-born German politician who was the leader of the N**i Party, Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and Führer ('Leader') of N**i Germany from 1934 to 1945. He committed su***de by gunshot on 30 April 1945 in his Führerbunker in Berlin.[a][b][c] Eva Braun, his wife of one day, committed su***de with him by taking cyanide.[d] In accordance with his prior written and verbal instructions, that afternoon their remains were carried up the stairs through the bunker's emergency exit, doused in petrol, and set alight in the Reich Chancellery garden outside the bunker.[1][2]

Front page of the U.S. Armed Forces newspaper Stars and Stripes on 2 May 1945
Although records in the Soviet archives indicate that the burned remains of Hi**er and Braun were recovered and interred in successive locations until 1946,[e] and that they were exhumed again and cremated in 1970,[f] this has been shown to be extremely unlikely, since eyewitnesses testified that there were no bodies per se remaining after the burning, just ashes.[g] The suggestion that the bodies were serially exhumed and re-buried is considered to be part of a Soviet disinformation campaign on the order of Joseph Stalin to sow confusion regarding Hi**er's death.[3]

Concerning Hi**er's cause of death, one non-eyewitness account claims that he died by poison only,[h] but all three eyewitnesses who saw Hi**er's body immediately after his su***de testified that he died from a self-inflicted gunshot, although two say it was a shot to the temple, and one says that it was into the mouth.[i][j] Otto Günsche, Hi**er's personal adjutant, who handled both bodies, testified that while Braun's smelled strongly of burnt almonds – an indication of cyanide poisoning – there was no such odour about Hi**er's body, which smelled of gunpowder.[4] Dental remains sifted from the soil in the garden were matched with his dental records in 1945.[5][6][g] Contemporary histor