28/12/2024
CYTOLOGY
Definition of Cytology
• The study of cell structure its Functions and behavior,
Cell Discovery
• Robert Hooke first observed cells in 1665 using a microscope
Cell Theory
• Proposed by Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow, it
states:
• Allliving organisms are composed of cells,
• Cells are the basic units of
structure and function in
organisms.
• All cells arise from pre- existing cells.,
Types of Cells
• Prokaryotic cells: No nucleus or membrane-bound organelles (e.g., bacteria)
• Eukaryotic cells: Have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (e.g., animal and plant cells)
Cell Structure
• Cell membrane: Semi- permeable barrier.
• Nucleus: Control center containing DNA.
• Cytoplasm: Jelly-like substance containing organelles
• Organelles: Structures like mitochondria, ribosomes, ER, Golgi apparatus, etc.
6. Cell Functions
• Metabolism, growth, reproduction, and response to stimuli.
7. Importance of Cytology Basis for understanding diseases, genetics, and therapies like cancer treatment.
