03/03/2026
📱📚 Can informal digital learning really boost EFL learners’ vocabulary?
Our mixed‑methods study (N=365) shows a strong positive link between IDLE and vocabulary knowledge—across practices, authenticity, support, and motivation.
🔗 Read more: https://doi.org/10.1080/09588221.2024.2350419�
This mixed-methods study examined the association between informal digital learning of English (IDLE) and English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners’ vocabulary knowledge (VK). A total of 365 EFL...