Emergency for All

20/07/2026

Normal Capnogram is like a vital sign
Must use in every resuscitation

EtCO2 End-tidal CO2 continuous monitoring

Normal shape and normal value

Important for ABCD

During CPR - Effective CPR? ROSC +/-, prediction of prognosis
Airway - Confirmation of ETT (gold standard)/ any obstruction
Breathing - Effective ventilation, Rate Adequate or not? Hypo ventilation or Hyper ventilation
Circulation- Perfusion
Disability- CNS depression +/-, Sedation adequate or not

14/07/2026

Brugada Syndrome is a cardiac abnormality with a high incidence of sudden death in patients with structurally normal hearts.

First described in 1992 by the Brugada brothers, the disease has since had an exponential rise in the numbers of cases reported. The mean age of sudden death is 41, with the age at diagnosis ranging from 2 days to 84 years.

Incidence is high in Southeast Asia where it had been previously described as Sudden Unexplained Nocturnal Death Syndrome (SUNDS).

Previously known colloquially in the Philippines as bangungut (‘to rise and moan in sleep’); in Japan as pokkuri (‘sudden and unexpectedly ceased phenomena’) and in Thailand as Lai Tai (‘death during sleep’).

14/07/2026

Pacemakers have become smaller and more sophisticated over the decades, but they still share one defining characteristic: They must enter the body to operate. Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts, challenge that technology with a wearable, noninvasive pacemaker that stimulates the heart using ultrasound from outside the body.

The study, published in Nature Biomedical Engineering, demonstrated how the tiny, postage-stamp-sized device could synchronize contractions in engineered human heart cells, restore normal heart rhythms in animal models, and maintain a favorable safety profile during 8 months of follow-up. https://mdsc.pe/4gw41Kz

13/07/2026

🩸Bleeding Control - Pyramid Dressing

A pyramid dressing (often called the "nugget method") is the perfect improvised solution to stop a briskly bleeding wound.

How it works: You place a small, firm "nugget" (like a tightly folded piece of gauze or a dental roll) directly over the bleeding point. You then place progressively larger, less-folded layers of gauze on top, securing them with a light elastic or compression bandage.

Best use-case: It serves as a great bridge to definitive care or as an alternative when a tourniquet is threatening distal perfusion.

12/07/2026

Bad Bunny's song, "Tití me preguntó,” released in May 2022, was recommended a year later by the American Heart Association (AHA) — the world's leading authority on cardiology — on its list of ideal songs for performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to save lives.

For hands-only CPR to be effective, chest compressions must be delivered at a rate of 100-120/min, and "Tití me preguntó" has a tempo of 107 beats/min. As a result, following the song's rhythm during chest compressions can help maintain the exact rate needed to keep blood pumping to the brain. https://mdsc.pe/4p68G8e

11/07/2026

Aorta , IVC and portal vein Diameter and US imaging

10/07/2026

Dx of Fever with altered mental status

09/07/2026

Laryngoscopy and Intubation ( Definitive Airway) by DL / VL / Fibre-optic

08/07/2026

Supraglottic Airway Devices

07/07/2026