03/09/2023
AMERU HERITAGE FORUM
REPORT OF THE MERU AGE-SETS (NTHUKI) NOMENCLATURE SYSTEM &
CIRCUMCISION (MATAANWA) PRACTICES TOPIC DELIBERATED ONLINE LAST WEEKEND – 27/08/2023 -
By Worthington H. Kimathi - Facilitator.
Introduction.
Kimeru ni gietu!! Ni nkatho kwithirwa ndi umwe wa gikundi giki kia guchokaniiria umenyo bwa Ntwire na Mikarire ya Ameru, nikio Ameru Heritage Forum. Nawe Mumiru arauga “ Uume bwa muntu umwe ni gachigo”, na kuri bungi nabu, bubwingi “ja bwa Gikuura, kana guuru ya Naitira” (extreme), indi kwiragwa “itithiranagiria nyaki. O muntu wonthe ari untu. bwawe!
Disclaimer: -
I might not be very accurate nor a competent expert to these matters but have endeavored to share my experience from other historical sources on Ameru, mostly oral and written.
Kirira ni kiagutiganirwa kuuma muntu/antu kiri bangi, kana kuthuja ta uria ngwataniro iji yetu –AHF- ikuthithia nandi niuntu bwa guchokaniiria mikarire na mituurire ya Ameru, mono kiri nthuki cietu iria irio na iria ikeja nyumene. Kwou nteto ciakwa ni iria uuni nthujite kana kwigua kiri baria akuru kirini. Tini ninka ndina umenyo bwa ntento iji na inyingi ingi, indi kuri kinya bangi babaingi mono gikundine giki baiji kinya nkuruki yakwa. Kwiragwa “mwathwa kirira nuri kiawe”.
A. NTHUKI IMENTI AGE-SETS THEIR WIVES
1885 RIUNGU/MURUNGI TIRINDI
1900 MIRITI/KAARIA MUCHECHE
1915 KIRUJA/KABURU MUGITO
1930 MBAYA MUKAMI
1945 MBAABU MUNYANGE
1959 GICHUNGE NCHURUBI
1975 MUNG’ATIA-KILO CHIO-KILO
1990 MUTHAMIA CHIO-KIURIA
2005 GACHIENJA
NOTE: -
Ikwari na NTUIKO, kana kwebaniria nthuki imwe gwita ingi nyuma ya miaka 10-15, indi kuriumbika kuremwa rimwe ni untu bwa mikarire ya nthiguru ta ndwaa kana mpara. (Example; natural calamities (Kiaramu hunger), war(s) 1914-18 – 1939-45), Mau Mau state of emergency 1952-60).
Ikwombikaga gukethirwa kuri na matana 5 nthukine imwe.
Formal authority – KIRUKA NA NTIBA.
This alternated between ½ of male society and the other passing back and forth every 12-15 years. Three age sets, grandfathers, fathers and sons. It gave division of society into those coming “IN” and “OUTS”.
At any point in time, members of the related age sets were known as “NTIBA”. The others, weather “in” or “out” of power, called “KIRUKA”.
This pattern was said to be either KIRUKA or NTIBA were in power, akin to a political dispensation.
It should be noted there was different naming systems and methods between the different tribes of Ameru.
B. MIRIGA YA AMERU
Miriga iria igwetagwa kuuma riria AMERU baumire MBWAA, ta uria ijikine kinya nandi, na ta uria aandiki baria bari igweta baandikite;
BANTU ORIGIN – Alfred M’ Imanyara
Igembe, Tharaka, Tigania, Imenti, Mwimbi, Muthambi, Chuka (7)
LIVING ON THE EDGE – Eng. Kiruki Mwithimbu
Tigania, Igembe, Imenti, Mwimbi, Miutine, Thaichu, Chuka, Tharaka (8)
AMERU HISTORY AND RISE OF NJURI-NCHEKE – FR. ZACCHAEUS MURIANKI
Tigania, Igembe, Imenti, Igoji, Mwimbi, Muthambi, Tharaka, Chuka (8)
HISTORY AND GOVERNMENT – Form One Students’ Book – Kenya Literature Bureau (5th edition)
Igembe, Tigania, Tharaka, Imenti, Mwimbi, Muthambi, Egoji, Miitine, Chuka (9)
In spite of each author’s opinion, it is very clear that the Ameru share and still retain the above common identity across the two counties of Meru and Tharaka Nithi. Twinthe turi ba Kini-kiiru umwe!!
C. GUKURA KWA AMERU (STAGES OF AMERU MALES
Ukuru bwa Ameru kwambiria bachiarwa gwakari ta uju:-
Miaka Biama
0 – 7+ Kaiji - Kaminchu
7 – 15 Mwiji - Kigumi
15 – 18 Ndinguri (Ntaane after circumcision) - Gaturi
18 – 29 Muthaka (Warrior, start of age set naming) - Kwathwa Uthaka Gaarune
29 – 40+Muruau (retiree from Gaaru - barracks) allowed to marry/start a family – Njuri-Ncheke
40 -51 Mukuru – NJURI-IMPERE
51+ Mukuru wa kiama-Mwariki
Miriga mianya mianya niyari na Nkuagaya, Ithambiro na Igiri biao bia gutanira biiji biao. Mutaani uria wijikine na utani, ariumba kugiirua ni nthaka kuuma akui kana kuraaja.
D. MUGWE
He was a spiritual single individual, (a family hereditary position), according to different sub-ethnic units, a transmitter of blessings and seer. His revered role was to serve as spiritual intermediary for his people, invoking God’s blessings for each significant communal action and interpreting them. His role was specific, to offer blessings to the community in all spheres, a contact with GOD and spirits of the ancestors, a peacekeeper and consultant during calamities.
E. WIDENING THE CULTURAL LINK
As proposed during the Charanna outing on 12/08/2023, we should reach out to other likeminded groups to enhance our efforts in reviving our AMERU CULTURE.
EPOLOGUE
This subject was given to me to deliver at a very short notice, and as aforementioned, there are several members in this forum who are probably, more knowledgeable, conversant and better presenters. I suggest the administrators of this forum should create a data base of potential and passionate experts in different fields to handle the subsequent segments. I honor and respect all individuals in this forum for their quest to understand, share and preserve the Ameru culture. “Mkosa mira ni mutumwa”.