The Hindu From My Eye

https://youtu.be/v2A-krP6Bd0?si=WjtAsZhISooZMf5E

USA Leaves NATO? The Shocking End of Global Alliance | Trump’s Big Move Explained 🇺🇸 Is America really going to leave NATO? Trump’s aggressive stand has once again shaken the Western Alliance. In this video, we break down:• Why Trump wan...

लेपाक्षी मंदिर, जिसे बीरभद्र मंदिर के नाम से भी जाना जाता है, कर्नाटक में एक 1600 साल पुराना मंदिर है, जो आंध्र प्रदेश में अंतरापुर जिले में स्थित है।

मंदिर के शीर्ष पर 60 पत्थर के स्तंभों में से एक स्थापित किया गया था, लेकिन नीचे, जो मंदिर के फर्श को नहीं छूता था।

सौ प्रयासों के बाद, ब्रिटिश इंजीनियर यह नहीं समझ पाए कि यह स्तंभ बिना कोर सीमेंट के कैसे खड़ा हो सकता है।

पवित्र वेदों का संरचनात्मक इंजीनियरिंग पर एक अलग खंड है जिसे वास्तु वेद कहा जाता है।
भारतीय वास्तुकला (पारंपरिक धर्म में कई अद्भुत सत्य हैं)

Target UPSC 2022.... Economic survey by best faculty... https://youtu.be/TxYajLHgCHo

Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI)

Government Policies & Interventions

The DRI is the apex anti-smuggling agency of India, working under the Central Board of Indirect Taxes & Customs, Ministry of Finance, Government of India.

The Central Board of Excise and Customs (CBEC) was renamed as the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC) in 2018 after the roll out of Goods and Services Tax (GST). CBIC deals with the tasks of formulation of policy concerning levy and collection of Customs, Central Excise duties, Central Goods & Services Tax and Integrated GST, prevention of smuggling.

It is tasked with detecting and curbing smuggling of contraband, including drug trafficking and illicit international trade in wildlife and environmentally sensitive items, as well as combating commercial frauds related to international trade and evasion of Customs duty.

The DRI has also been designated as the lead agency for Anti-Smuggling National Coordination Centre (SCord).

It was constituted on 4th December, 1957.

Section 66A of the IT Act

Judiciary

Fundamental Rights

Judgements & Cases

Why in News

The Supreme Court has issued a notice to the Centre on the use of Section 66A of the Information Technology Act, 2000 that was scrapped several years ago.

The court struck down the provision as unconstitutional and a violation of free speech in 2015 in the Shreya Singhal Case.

Key Points

About Section 66A:

It empowered police to make arrests over what policemen, in terms of their subjective discretion, could construe as “offensive” or “menacing” or for the purposes of causing annoyance, inconvenience, etc.

It prescribed the punishment for sending messages through a computer or any other communication device like a mobile phone or a tablet, and a conviction could fetch a maximum of three years in jail

Against the Fundamental Rights:

Section 66A was contrary to both Articles 19 (free speech) and 21 (right to life) of the Constitution.

Right to know is the species of the right to speech and expression provided by the Article 19(1) (a) of the constitution of India

Jagannath Puri Rath Yatra | Jagannath Yatra

Why in News
Recently, the Vice President greeted the people on the eve of Rath Yatra of Jagannath Puri in Odisha.

Jagannath Rath Yatra

Ratha Jatra, also called as Chariot Festival, is a Hindu festival associated with Lord Jagannath held at Puri, Odisha.
The festival is celebrated on the 2nd day of Shukla Paksha of Ashadh, the third month, according to the traditional Oriya calendar.
It is a 9 day-long event and marks the return of Lord Krishna to Vrindavan with his brother Balabhadra and sister Subhadra to Gundicha Temple via Mausi Maa Temple (maternal aunt's home) near Saradha Bali, Puri.

During the festival, the three holy chariots carrying idols of Lord Jagannath, his brother Balaram (Balabhadra) and sister Subhadra are pulled by thousands of devotees from India and abroad.

Jagannath Temple
The temple is believed to have been constructed in the 12th century by King Anatavarman Chodaganga Deva of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty.

Jagannath Puri temple is called ‘Yamanika Tirtha’ where, according to the Hindu beliefs, the power of ‘Yama’, the god of death has been nullified in Puri due to the presence of Lord Jagannath.

This temple was called the “White Pagoda” and is a part of Char Dham pilgrimages (Badrinath, Dwaraka, Puri, Rameswaram).

There are four gates to the temple- Eastern ‘Singhdwara’ which is the main gate with two crouching lions, Southern ‘Ashwadwara’, Western 'Vyaghra Dwara' and Northern ‘Hastidwara’.

There is a carving of each form at each gate.

In front of the entrance stands the Aruna stambha or sun pillar, which was originally at the Sun Temple in Konark.

Other Important Monuments of Odisha:

Konark Sun Temple (UNESCO World Heritage Site)
Lingaraj Temple
Tara Tarini Temple
Udaygiri and Khandagiri Caves

Topic is related to origin and spread of mosquito-borne Zika virus and how harmful it is to humans.

Why in news:

One of the worst COVID-affected states in India, Kerala which now has detected the first confirmed case of Zika virus infection in July 2nd week when, it was confirmed in a 24-year-old pregnant woman in Thiruvananthapuram.

Zika is a flavivirus caused by a virus transmitted primarily by Aedes( genus)mosquitoes which bite during the day & is responsible for spreading dengue, chikungunya too.
Zika, was discovered in 1947 in Uganda. First identified in Uganda in 1947 in monkeys, Zika was later identified in humans in 1952.

The first large outbreak of disease caused by Zika infection was reported from the Island of Yap in 2007. There are currently several countries experiencing Zika virus outbreaks.

How Zika virus spread

From the 1960s to 1980s, human infections were found across Africa and Asia, typically accompanied by mild illness.
During a 2013-14 outbreak in French Polynesia, the neurological disorder Guillain-Barré syndrome was linked to Zika infection.
In South America, the first reports of locally transmitted infection came from Brazil in May 2015.
In July 2015 Brazil reported an association between Zika virus infection and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS).
In October 2015 Brazil reported an association between Zika virus infection and microcephaly. For neither event was a causal link proven.
In February 2016, WHO declared Zika infection associated with microcephaly and other neurological disorders, a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.
By the start of February 2016, local transmission of Zika infection had been reported from more than 20 countries and territories in the Americas.
Beyond the range of mosquito vectors, Zika virus infections are expected to be carried worldwide by international travel.

Symptoms of Zika virus
Symptoms are generally mild and include fever, rash, conjunctivitis, muscle and joint pain, malaise, or headache.

Symptoms typically last for 2-7 days. Most people with Zika virus infection do not develop symptoms.

Side effects of Zika virus
Zika virus infection during pregnancy can cause infants to be born with microcephaly and other congenital malformations, known as congenital Zika syndrome.

Infection with Zika virus is also associated with other complications of pregnancy including preterm birth and miscarriage.

An increased risk of neurologic complications is associated with Zika virus infection in adults and children, including Guillain-Barré syndrome, neuropathy, and myelitis.

(Inputs from World Health Organization website)

Celebrity endorsements
Topic is related with advertisement ethics, consumer protection act,
Why in news:
Recently Footballer Cristiano Ronaldo pushed aside Coca Cola what else during a press conference and advise the people to drink water.
Impact :
Afterwards, Coke’s share price from $56 to $55 (because the investors felt that after celebrity snub the sales of Coca-Cola may decline so better to exit from this share).

Analysis:
🤔 points to consider: celebrities hire expensive gym trainers and personal dieticians. They avoid junk food and soft drinks to control their weight and look attractive in front of camera. Yet for the sake advertisement money, they peddle harmful products including VIMAL Gutkha,(bolo jubaan keshri ). So ,our celebrities shd take an ethics lesson from Ronaldo.

मशहूर फ़ुटबॉलर रोनाल्डो ने पत्रकार परिषद में एक मेज़ पर रखी को कोका कोला की बोतलों को हटा दिया और प्रेक्षकों को बताया कि वे पानी पिए। रोनाल्डो की इस कार्य से कोला कंपनी की बिक्री में गिरावट होगी इस डर से निवेशकों भागने लगे जिससे कोकाकोला कम्पनी के शेयर के दामों में गिरावट आयी है। यह सेलिब्रिटी की शक्तियों के सकारात्मक उपयोग का उदाहरण है हालाँकि भारत में कई सेलिब्रिटी ख़ुद तो तंदुरुस्त और स्वस्थ रहने के लिए खानपान में काफ़ी परहेज़ रखते हैं किंतु विज्ञापनों में पैसा कमाने के चक्कर में विमल गुटका और बाबा इलयाचि के विज्ञापन करते रहते हैं तो उन्होंने रोनाल्डो से नीतिशास्त्र के पाठ समझने की ज़रूरत है

Internal Security

Maoist Attack in Sukma

Left Wing Extremism

Government Policies & Interventions

Linkages of Organized Crime with Terrorism

Why in News

A team of security forces was attacked by a People’s Liberation Guerilla Army (PLGA) unit in the Tarrem area near the Sukma-Bijapur district border, Chhattisgarh. Several security personnel were killed and many were injured.

PLGA was founded in 2000. It has been declared as a terrorist organisation and banned under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act-1967 (UAPA).

Key Points

About the Sukma District:

Located in the southern tip of the state of Chhattisgarh, the district was carved out of Dantewada in the year 2012.

It is covered with the semi-tropical forest and is a mainland of tribal community Gond.

One major river that flows through the district is Sabari (a tributary of Godavari river).

Over a few decades, this region has become a fostering ground for Left Wing Extremism (LWE) activities.

Left Wing Extremism in India:

Left-wing extremists, popularly known as Maoists worldwide and as Naxalites in India.

The term Naxalism derives its name from the village Naxalbari of West Bengal. It originated as a rebellion against local landlords who bashed a peasant over a land dispute.

The rebellion was initiated in 1967, with an objective of rightful redistribution of the land to working peasants under the leadership of Kanu Sanyal and Jagan Santhal.

The movement has spread across the Eastern India in less developed areas of states such as Chhattisgarh, Odisha and Andhra Pradesh.

It is considered that Naxals support Maoist political sentiments and ideology.

Maoism is a form of communism developed by Mao Tse Tung. It is a doctrine to capture State power through a combination of armed insurgency, mass mobilization and strategic alliances.

Reasons for Left Wing Extremism:

Tribal Discontent:

The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 has been used to target tribals, who depend on forest produce for their living.

Massive displacement of tribal population in the naxalism-affected states due to development projects, mining operations and other reasons.

Easy Target for Maoists: Such people who do not have any source of living are taken into naxalism by Maoists.

Maoists provide arms and ammunition and money to such people.

Gaps in the Socio-Economic system of the Country:

Government measures its success on the basis of the number of violent attacks rather than the development done in the naxal-affected areas.

Absence of strong technical intelligence to fight with naxalites.

Infrastructural problems, for instance, some villages are not yet connected properly with any communication network.

No Follow-Up from Administration: It is seen that even after police take hold of a region, administration fails to provide essential services to the people of that region.

Government Initiatives to Fight LWE:

Greyhounds: It was raised in 1989 as an elite anti-naxal force.

Operation Green Hunt: It was started in 2009-10 and massive deployment of security forces was done in the naxal-affected areas

Aspirational Districts Programme: Launched in 2018, it aims to rapidly transform the districts that have shown relatively lesser progress in key social areas.

SAMADHAN:
It stands for

S- Smart Leadership,

A- Aggressive Strategy,

M- Motivation and Training,

A- Actionable Intelligence,

D- Dashboard Based KPIs (Key Performance Indicators) and KRAs (Key Result Areas),

H- Harnessing Technology,

A- Action plan for each Theatre, and

N- No access to Financing.

This doctrine is the one-stop solution for the LWE problem.