Fact & Awareness

आप सभी को गुरु पूर्णिमा की हार्दिक बधाई 🙏🙏🙂
(सब धरती कागज करूँ, लेखनी सब बनराय
सात समुंदर की मसि करूँ, गुरुगुण लिखा न जाय)

(महारानी जिंदा कौर)
Rani Jinda Kaur was born in 1817. His father Sardar Manna Singh used to guard the dogs. He requested Maharaja Ranjit Singh to accept his daughter as his wife.

Maharaja Ranjit Singh had done many marriages, but he got only son Kharak Singh as heir. His health was also continuously deteriorating. In such a situation, Maharaja Ranjit Singh accepted Zinda Kaur as his wife in 1835.

Rani Zinda Kaur was the most beautiful of all the wives of Maharaj. After marriage she gave birth to a son. Whose name was named Dilip Singh. Maharaja Ranjit Singh used to see a glimpse of his successor in him.

Further, Maharaja Ranjit died in 1839. After this an atmosphere of anarchy arose in the state of Punjab. Many murders and conspiracies were also hatched for the government. During that time he was under the control of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. There was also betrayal from trusted people. Many had factionalized with the British inside.

However, Rani Zindakaur did not give up. She managed to win over a powerful faction of the Lahore court in her favor. With his support, he put Dilip Singh on the throne of Punjab in 1843 at the age of 5. Due to the son Dilip Singh being a minor, she herself became his guardian. After this, she emerged as a skilled ruler in the state of Punjab. People were happy with him. He also took many decisive decisions during his reign.

Rani Zindakaur, along with her Wazir Raja Lal Singh, undertook to strengthen her army against the British. In the end, she was also successful in re-strengthening the army of Maharaja Ranjit Singh.

During this time, in view of her work, she was also awarded the status of 'mother' of the Sikh community in the state of Punjab. This happiness of the queen did not last long. In 1845, the First Anglo War started against the British Government. In this war too, many had to face defeat due to the betrayal of their own generals.

But, during the war, Rani Zinda Kaur took many concrete steps against the British. He had soured the teeth of the British with his military force. The British government was afraid of them. Perhaps that is why he also addressed her as the 'rebel queen'.

The queen continued to take a front against the East India Company with her efficient policies. Due to his tough decision, the British government was constantly troubled. She was starting to prick in his eyes. Due to this, at the end of the first war, a treaty was made between the queen and the British rule. Under this treaty, she remained the patroness of Prince Dilip Singh. In the meantime, Rani Zinda continued to conspire against the British.

Due to his activities, the British government started looking at him with suspicion. Fearing him, the British prosecuted him in 1848. After this he was removed from Lahore.

When the Second Sikh War started, Punjab was weakened in the absence of Rani Zinda Kaur. Due to which Punjab was occupied by the British Government. Rani Zinda Kaur was placed under house arrest in Chunar Fort. During this, his pension was also cut drastically. He was also given a stern warning by the British government for interfering in Punjab affairs.

Governor General Lord Dalhousie insisted "he is more valuable than all the soldiers of the state".

However, in 1949, Rani Zinda managed to escape from the Chunar Fort disguised as a maid. She had reached Nepal after traveling several hundred mills. There he took refuge in Kathmandu.

According to historians, even in the revolution of 1857, he actively participated with the Maharaja of Kashmir. During this, his 9-year-old son Dilip Singh was sent to London by the British. The queen was deeply saddened to be away from her son. She yearned to meet him, but the evil British government kept her away from him. The government was keeping a close eye on them even during that time. Well, the boy Dilip Singh grew up there with his friends in the court of Queen Victoria. Dilip Singh had adopted Christianity there. He was known as the 'Black Prince' in England.

Mother Zinda and son Dileep made many efforts to meet each other. They failed. The queen also wrote many letters for her son, but it was not delivered to Dilip Singh. Many letters of both of them were also received later. After reading them, one gets to see glimpses of a sad mother's love and a son's wonderful love from his mother.

There was a reason behind keeping these two so far away. The British government was afraid that the political thinking of Rani and Dilip Singh would have a negative effect. That is why the British government never wanted that these mothers and sons should ever meet.
In her letters, she narrates how sad the Queen was because of being away from her son, she says that "the child she brought up in her womb for 9 months, she has been separated from the British government".

A mother and son had faced many problems. Despite this, their relationship remained unbroken. After a long time, in 1861, the meeting of these two mother and son became possible.

When Dilip Singh met his mother, he was on the last stage of his life. She was also blind in one eye. Dilip Singh went to England with his mother after obtaining permission. Rani Zinda was very happy with her son. He spent almost two years there with them.

In 1863, Rani Jinda Kaur breathed her last in England itself. Maharaj Dilip Singh wanted to perform his last rites in Punjab, but his last rites were not allowed in Punjab.

After this, Dilip Singh came to Mumbai with the body of his mother, Rani Jinda Kaur. There he was cremated on the banks of the Godavari river. Later, Dilip had also built a memorial in his mother's name.

(महारानी अहिल्याबाई )
Maharani Ahilyabai was the wife of Khanderao, son of the famous Subedar Malharrao Holkar. He was born in 1725 and died on 13 August 1795; Tithi That day was Bhadrapada Krishna Chaturdashi. Ahilyabai was not the queen of any big heavy kingdom. His scope of work was relatively limited. Yet what he did amazes him. Maharani Ahilyabai Holkar was the Maratha Holkar queen of the Malwa kingdom of India. Ahilyabai was born on 31 May 1725 in Chondi village of Ahmednagar, Maharashtra. His father Mankoji Rao Shinde was a Patil of his village. At that time women did not go to school, but Ahilyabai's father taught them to read and write. Ahilyabai's husband Khanderao Holkar was martyred in the Kumbher War of 1754. After 12 years his father-in-law Malhar Rao Holkar also died. A year later, she was crowned the Empress of the Kingdom of Malwa.

She always tried to save her empire from Muslim invaders. Rather, during the war, she herself used to join her army and fight. He appointed Tukojirao Holkar as the commander of his army. Rani Ahilyabai had also built many temples in her kingdom Maheshwar and Indore. Along with this, he also built many Dharamshalas for the people to live in, he built all these Dharamshalas around the main pilgrimage places like Dwarka of Gujarat, Kashi Vishwanath, Ganga Ghat of Varanasi, Ujjain, Nashik, Vishnupad Temple and Baijnath. Seeing the temples destroyed by the Muslim invaders, he built a temple of Shiva in Somnath. Which is still worshiped by Hindus today.

She was married to Khanderao, the son of Maharaja Malhar Rao Holkar, the founder of the Indore state. Ahilyabai had a son in 1745 and a daughter after three years. The son's name was Malerao and the daughter's name was Muktabai. She skillfully awakened her husband's pride. Within a few days, Khanderao became a good soldier under the guidance of his great father. Seeing Malharrao too, he was satisfied. He also used to give education to the son and daughter-in-law of Ahilyabai.

He was very pleased with her intelligence and cleverness. During the lifetime of Malharrao, his son Khanderao died in 1754 AD. Therefore, after the death of Malhar Rao, Rani Ahilyabai took over the rule of the state. Rani Ahilyabai ruled the state very efficiently till her death in 1795 AD. He is counted among the ideal rulers. He is known for his generosity and generosity. They had only one son, Malarao who died in 1766 AD. In 1767, Ahilyabai appointed Tukoji Holkar as the general. Queen Ahilyabai moved her capital to Maheshwar. There he built the finest and luxurious Ahilya Mahal of the 18th century. Built around this palace built on the banks of the holy Narmada river, the textile industry became the identity of the capital. During that time Maheshwar had become a stronghold in the field of literature, sculpture, music and art. The Marathi poet Moropant, Shahir Anantfandi and the Sanskrit scholar Khulasi Ram were the great personalities of his period.

Ahilyabai is remembered as a wise, sharp thinking and spontaneous ruler. Every day she used to talk to her subjects. Listened to their problems. During her period (1767-1795), Rani Ahilyabai did many such works that people still take her name. He made his empire prosperous. He spent government money very wisely on building many forts, rest houses, wells and roads. She would celebrate festivals with people and donate to Hindu temples.

Ahilyabai believed that wealth is the wealth given by the people and God, which I am not the owner but the responsible custodian of its use in the interest of the people. In the absence of an heir, Ahilyabai gave the people the right to adopt and live with dignity. She herself used to take information about the happiness and misery of the subjects directly with the people and used to give justice and judgement. There was no recognition of caste distinction in his state and all the subjects were equally entitled to respect. Its effect was that many times people used to express their desire to leave the Nizam Shahi and Peshwa Shahi rule and settle in their kingdom. In the kingdom of Ahilyabai, the subjects were completely happy and satisfied because in their view the satisfaction of the subjects is the main task of the state. Lokmata Ahilya believed that it is the state religion to follow the subjects like children.

Ahilyabai was not the queen of any big heavy kingdom, but her kingdom was ruled over a small area and her scope was relatively limited, yet what she did for the welfare of the people is astonishing, it is memorable. She had lost all her family members including her husband and son even before she came to power in the state, even after this her public welfare works done for the benefit of the people are commendable.

He got the world famous Kashi Vishwanath temple built in 1777. The whole life of Ahilyabai, a devotee of Shiva, became a practice of dispassion, duty and devotion. Seeing the temples destroyed by the Muslim invaders, he built a temple of Shiva in Somnath. Which is still worshiped by the devotees of Shiva. She would not let a drop of water in her mouth without worshiping Shiva. She had dedicated the whole kingdom to Shankar and you used to run the government as his servant.
Her devotion to Shiva is known from the fact that Ahilyabai did not write her name while signing the edicts, but only used to write Shri Shankar at the bottom of the letter. The picture of Shivling and Bilva Patra is inscribed on his money and the picture of Nandi on the money. It is said that from then till the attainment of Indian Swaraj, the edicts of all the kings who came to the throne of Indore after him, until they were not issued in the name of Shri Shankar, were not considered as edicts and were not implemented. was.

They formed an army of women, but they knew very well that their army was weak in front of the Peshwa. That's why he sent the news to Peshwa that even if he wins from the women's army, there will be no increase in his fame and fame, the world will say that you live only with the women's army and if you defeat the women's army. If you go, you cannot even imagine how much the world would have laughed.

This wisdom of Ahilya Bai worked and Peshwa changed his mind to attack. After this, the pressure on the queen to take an adopted son also increased, but she did not accept it because she considered the subjects as her everything. After his decision, the Rajputs started a rebellion against him, but the queen skillfully suppressed that rebellion. Using her acumen, Rani Ahilya Bai Holkar replenished the treasury of Malwa. Ahilyabai built temples, built ghats, built wells and stepwells, built and improved roads, opened Annastras (other areas) for the hungry, made pots for the thirsty, outside the borders of her kingdom in famous pilgrimages and places across India Scholars were appointed in the temples for contemplation and discourse of the scriptures. And, giving up the false attachment of self-esteem, she always tried to do justice - till her death. It was in the same tradition that his contemporary was the judge Ramshastri of Poona and followed by Rani Laxmibai of Jhansi.
During his lifetime, the public began to understand and call him 'Goddess'. Where was such a big personality that the public had seen with their own eyes. When there was chaos all around. Atrocities were being committed in the name of governance and system. The subjects—ordinary householders, peasant laborers—were sobbing in an extremely inferior state. Their only support—religion—was being held in the grip of superstitions, fears, plagues and stereotypes. There was neither power nor faith in justice. Whatever Ahilyabai did - and did a lot - in those dire circumstances of such times - is memorable.

The road from Calcutta to Banaras, the Annapurna temple in Banaras, the Vishnu temple in Gaya have been built by him. He built ghats, built wells and stepwells, built roads, opened Sadabrat (food area) for the hungry, made pots for the thirsty, appointed scholars in temples for contemplation and discourse on the scriptures. He took a major part in the bustle of his time. Apart from this, Rani Ahilyabai built temples and opened religious schools at famous pilgrimage places like Kashi, Gaya, Somnath, Ayodhya, Mathura, Haridwar, Dwarka, Badrinarayan, Rameshwar, Jagannath Puri etc.

Ahilyabai transformed Indore from a small village to a beautiful city. Many forts and roads were built in Malwa. He built many ghats, temples, ponds, wells and rest houses. Not only in South India but also in the Himalayas. Somnath, Kashi, Gaya, Ayodhya, Dwarka, Haridwar, Kanchi, Avanti, Badrinarayan, Rameshwar, Mathura and Jagannathpuri etc.

(Kartar Singh Sarabha)

Sarabha is a well known village in Ludhiana district of Punjab. It is situated at a distance of about fifteen miles from the city of Ludhiana. The ones who established the village were two brothers, Rama and Sadda. There are three leaves in the village – Sadda Patti, Rama Patti and Araiyan Patti. Sarabha village is about three hundred years old and before 1947 its population was about two thousand, in which there were also seven-eight hundred Muslims. At present the population of the village is around four thousand.

Kartar Singh was born on 24 May 1896 in the womb of Mata Sahib Kaur. His father Mangal Singh died in childhood of Kartar Singh. Kartar Singh also had a younger sister Dhanna Kaur. Both the sisters and brothers were brought up by Dada Badan Singh. Kartar Singh's three uncles - Bishan Singh, Veer Singh and Bakhshish Singh were working in high government positions. Kartar Singh did his early education in the schools of Ludhiana. Later he had to go to his uncle in Orissa. Orissa was part of the Bengal province in those days, which was more politically conscious. In the atmosphere there, Sarabha started reading other informative books along with school education. After passing the tenth standard, her family decided to send her to America for higher education and on January 1, 1912, Sarabha set foot on American soil. At that time he was only a few months more than fifteen years old. At this age, Sarabha had passed the Class XI examination from Revansha College, Orissa. Rulia Singh of Sarabha village had reached America only in 1908 and during the initial days of America-migration, Sarabha remained with Rulia Singh of his village.

About 30 students at Berkeley University were Indians, most of whom were Bengali and Punjabi. In 1913, Lala Hardayal ji came in contact with these students and made them two-four with his ideas. Lala Hardayal and Bhai Parmanand gave a rousing speech on slavery in India. Which had a deep impact on Kartar Singh's thinking. And he started thinking deeply and deeply about the independence of India. In 1911, Sarabha went to America with some of his relatives. He reached San Francisco in 1912. There an American officer asked him "Why have you come here?" Sarabha replied, "I have come for the purpose of pursuing higher education." But Sarabha could not get higher education. He wanted to learn to build and operate an airplane. Therefore, for the fulfillment of this purpose, he got recruited in a factory. At the same time, he came in contact with Lala Hardayal, who, despite living in America, was seen striving for the independence of India. Staying in San Francisco, he visited many places and gave speeches. Sarabha was always with him and supported him in every work. Kartar Singh Sarabha was the epitome of courage. He was always ahead in any work related to the independence of the country. On March 25, 1913, a large gathering of Indians took place in Oregon Province, whose main speaker was Lala Hardayal. He said while giving a speech in the meeting, "I need such youths, who can lay down their lives for the freedom of India." On this, Kartar Singh Sarabha first got up and presented himself. Lala Hardayal embraced Sarabha in the midst of applause.

While running the rebellion in Punjab, he started growing closer with the revolutionaries. His keen eye on the slave conditions of India was producing clear ideas. Raj Bihari Bose shared his ideas with Shachindranath Sanyal and suggested to form an army of revolutionaries. Later Rash Behari Bose advised Kartar Singh to leave Lahore and go to Kabul, seeing the environment around him. He decided to go to Kabul, but on reaching Wazirabad, he thought that it was better to go to the gallows than to run away. Carrying out this thinking, he himself went and handed himself over to the police. Later there were many cases against him. As a result, the judge sentenced him to death.

(शहीद होने से पहले इन्होंने कहा था कि 'अगर कोई पुर्नजन्म का सिद्धांत है तो मैं भगवान से यही प्रार्थना करूंगा कि जब तक मेरा देश आज़ाद न हो मैं भारत की स्वतंत्रता में अपना जीवन न्यौछावर करता रहूं'. 16 नवंबर 1915 को करतार सिंह ने मात्र 19 साल की उम्र में हंसते-हंसते फांसी के फंदे को चूम लिया.)

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Bavani Tamarind is a famous tamarind tree which is also a martyr memorial in India. On 28 April 1858 Gautam Kshatriya, Jodha Singh Ataya and their fifty-one companions hanged on this tamarind tree. This monument is located on Mughal road, three kilometers west of Bindki tehsil headquarter near Khajua town in Bindki subdivision of Fatehpur district of Uttar Pradesh.

This memorial is a symbol of the sacrifices made by the freedom fighters. On 28 April 1858, fifty-two freedom fighters were hanged on a tamarind tree by the British army. This tamarind tree still exists. People believe that after that massacre, the growth of that tree has stopped.

On May 10, 1857, when Veer Mangal Pandey opened the conch shell of the revolution in Barrackpore Cantonment, its echoes were hanging all over India on April 1858, Gautam Kshatriya, Jodha Singh Ataya and fifty-one companions were hanging. This monument is located on Mughal Road, three kilometers west of Bindki tehsil headquarter near Khajua town in Bindki subdivision of Fatehpur district of Uttar Pradesh.

This memorial is a symbol of the sacrifices made by the freedom fighters. On 28 April 1858, fifty-two freedom fighters were hanged on a tamarind tree by the British army. This tamarind tree still exists. People believe that after that massacre, the growth of that tree has stopped.

On May 10, 1857, when Veer Mangal Pandey sounded the conch shell of the revolution in Barrackpore Cantonment, its echo was heard all over India. On June 10, 1857, the revolutionaries in Fatehpur also made a move in this direction, which was led by Jodha Singh Ataya. Fatehpur Deputy Collector Hikmat Ulla Khan was also his associate. These heroes first took possession of Fatehpur court and treasury. The fire of freedom was burning in the mind of Jodha Singh Ataya for a long time. He was related to Tatya Tope. To liberate the motherland, both of them together fought with the British on the banks of river Pandu. After the face-to-face battle, the English army fled the field. These heroes buried their flag in Kanpur.

The flame of Jodha Singh's mind did not subside even after this. On October 27, 1857, they burnt to death an English officer and a constable in the village of Mahmudpur, while they were staying in a house. On December 7, 1857, he attacked the Gangapar Ranipur police post and killed one of the British soldiers. Jodha Singh organized the revolutionaries of Awadh and Bundelkhand and captured Fatehpur as well.

Seeing the convenience of transportation, the revolutionaries made Khajuha their center. Colonel Pavel, going from Prayag to Kanpur on the information of a traitor informer, attacked the revolutionary army gathered at this place. Colonel Powell wanted to break this stronghold, but Jodha Singh's plan was perfect. He resorted to guerrilla warfare, killing Colonel Powell. Now the British sent a new consignment of army under the leadership of Colonel Neil. Due to this the revolutionaries had to bear heavy losses. But even after this Jodha Singh's morale did not diminish. He planned afresh the organization of the army, the collection of arms and the collection of funds. For this, he started migrating in disguise, but it was the misfortune of the country that along with the heroes, traitors also flourished here. When Jodha Singh was returning to Khajuha after discussing with the Ataya Argal king, he was surrounded by the British cavalry near village Ghorha on the information of an informer. After a short struggle, Jodha Singh was taken prisoner along with his 51 revolutionary companions.

On April 28, 1858, he was hanged along with his 51 companions on a tamarind tree on Mughal Road. But the brutality of the British did not stop there. The British have made muddi everywhere that whoever takes the dead body out of the tree will also be hanged from that tree. After which, for how many days the dead bodies kept hanging from the trees and the eagles kept eating the vultures. In the end, Maharaja Bhavani Singh went with his companions on 4th June and the dead bodies were lowered from the tree and the last rites were performed. The tamarind tree (Bavani tamarind) situated between Bindki and Khajuha is remembered today as the Martyr's Memorial.

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(महान वीरांगना राजकुमारी नायकी देवी सोलंकी)
Nayaki Devi Solanki, a princess of the Chalukya dynasty of Gujarat, was born in Goa. Princess Nayaki Devi Solanki, who had mastered the art of warfare since childhood, was also a skilled diplomat. His father was Maharaja Shivchitta Parmandi, Mahamandaleshwar of Kandab. When Princess Nayaki Devi Solanki grew up, she was married to Ajaypal Singh, the prince of Gujarat. Ajaypal Singh was the son of Maharaja Mahipal of Gujarat, in 1175 AD Ajaypal Singh was murdered and put to death by his own bodyguard. The tenure of Maharaja Ajaypal Singh lasted for 4 years, he ruled from 1171 AD to 1175 AD. After the death of Maharaja Ajaypal Singh Solanki, the command of Anhilwara (Gujarat) came in the hands of Nayaki Devi Solanki because at this time her son was very young in age. Ajaypal Singh Solanki and Rani Nayaki Devi Solanki had 2 sons, the eldest son's name was Mulraj II and the younger son's name was Bhimdev II.
This was a time of crisis for the state of Gujarat because the eyes of many foreign invaders and enemies were on this state. After the death of Ajaypal Singh, many enemies wanted to capture the income and wealth of this state with a prying eye. The first crisis before the state of Gujarat was that in whose hands the command of the state should be handed over.

The senior ministers, feudatories and court kings of the state together decided that this state would be safe in the hands of the political acumen and diplomat Queen Nayaki Devi and it was decided to hand over the command of the state to her. Refused to handle that according to the rules, no one else can sit on the throne while the heir of this state is alive.

But when the feudal lords and the ministers stuck to their point, Rani Nayaki Devi decided that she could not take the command of the state in her hands but agreed to stop and guide the representative of Mulraj II, the successor of this kingdom.

Everything was peaceful in the state of Gujarat for some time after Maharaja Mulraj II became the king. But gradually the enemies from all around started their preparations with the intention of conquering this kingdom and looting the wealth. Rani Nayaki Devi received information through spies that foreign invaders can attack the state at any time.

Mohammad Ghori was a Turkish robber who was a hooligan and an invader. To increase his empire, in 1178 AD, with a huge army, he left for Anhilwara, the capital of Gujarat. The aim of Mohammad Ghori was to conquer the state of Gujarat. Keeping this in view, in the year 1178 AD, 40 miles away from Anhilwara, Mohammad Ghori established his military camp by putting up a tent at a ghat named Gadarraghatta near Mount Abu.

Mohammad Ghori did not directly attack the kingdom of Rani Nayaki Devi and sent a message through one of his milk that hand over the queen and her children as well as all the women and daughters of the state along with the wealth to me, otherwise all would be put to death. will be dropped. When the messenger of Mohammad Ghori reached the court of Rani Nayaki Devi with a message, the queen read the message and in reply wrote to Mohammad Ghori that "We accept all your conditions".

This decision of Rani Nayaki Devi put all the ministers and feudatories of the state in doubt. Then the queen explained to him that this was a trick of hers, a way to defeat Mohammad Ghori.

Rani Nayaki Devi sent all the women and girls of the state to the place of King Kalhan Dev Chauhan of Nadol so that she could be safe there.
Rani Nayaki Devi ordered the new commander, Kunwar Ramveer, to stay at some distance from me along with some soldiers.
According to the earlier plan, the queen ordered 200 brave and powerful warriors to disguise themselves and join the army of Mohammad Ghori.

Some of the warriors hid in the foothills of Mount Abu, thus the queen divided her army of 25,000 soldiers into different parts to mislead Mohammad Ghori. After making a complete plan, Rani Nayaki Devi tied her two sons Mulraj and Bhimdev on her back and went on horseback towards the military camp of Mohammad Ghori.

Mohammad Ghori was very happy in his heart considering his victory and as soon as he saw Rani Nayaki Devi coming towards him, his happiness knew no bounds. Queen Nayaki Devi stopped after coming a short distance from Mohammad Ghori. As soon as the queen stopped there, the Rajput soldiers in the army of Mohammad Ghori, shouting the slogan of Har Har Mahadev, lashed out at the Turkish soldiers.

Seeing the cavalrymen, foot soldiers and soldiers riding on elephants along with Rani Nayaki Devi Solanki, the ground slipped under the feet of Mohammad Ghori.

Before Mohammad Ghori could understand anything, the queen broke the secret part of Mohammad Ghori with a sharp sword. Shivering with pain in the injured condition, Mohammad Ghori escaped from the battlefield.

According to the book "Prabandha Chintamani" written by Merutung and other historians, Mohammad Ghori was so scared that he got down from his horse only after reaching Multan. After reaching Multan, Mohammad Ghori saw that Wah had become impotent, after this incident, Mohammad Ghori did not even raise his eyes towards India for the next 13 years.

Delhi Emperor Kelhan Dev Chauhan assisted the queen in this war between Mohammad Ghori and Rani Nayaki Devi Solanki.

वीर शहीदों को कोटि कोटि नमन 🙏🙏

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(आचार्य वाग्भट्ट)
Acharyas Atreya, Sushruta and Vagbhata are known as 'Vriddhatray' of Indian medical world. The date of birth of the last of these i.e. Vagbhatta is not known, but it is believed that he was born in a district on the banks of the river Indus. His father Singhagupta was a Vedic Brahmin, but his teacher Avalokita was a follower of Buddhism. Due to this, Buddhism had a profound effect on the life and work of Vagbhatta.

Vagbhatta composed two important texts named 'Ashtanga Sangrah' and 'Ashtanga Hriday Samhita', which were later used as text books by the students of Ayurveda medicine. Due to the influence of Buddhism, he wrote a Buddhist prayer at the beginning of the Ashtanga Hriday Samhita.

In its first part, he covered Ayurvedic medicines, special instructions for the students of medical science, daily and seasonal inspection, origin of diseases, properties and demerits of different types of food items, identification and treatment of toxic foods, personal hygiene, medicines, their department, their benefits are described.

Its second part describes the composition of the human body, the various parts, the nature of man, the various forms and conduct of man, etc.

In the third part, diseases and remedies like fever, epilepsy, vomiting, asthma, skin diseases have been described. In the fourth part of the treatise, he described vomiting and cleanliness, in the fifth, which is the last part, children and their diseases, insanity, treatment of diseases and wounds of eyes, ears, nose, mouth etc., treatment of bites of various animals and insects. Has been done. Vagbhata has also reverently described about his predecessors. Like his birth, there is no information about his death.

But it must be clear that even in the Middle Ages, medical science was advanced and Vagbhata was a great physician.