全球地圖中的澳門 Global Mapping of Macao

澳門在早期地圖中的重要性
這幅18世紀的中國地圖展現了中國、朝鮮與日本的細緻描繪，較同時期的作品更為突出。長城被清晰標示，黃河則以「Hoambo R.」之名出現，甚至連戈壁沙漠也在圖中呈現。朝鮮正確地描繪為半島，而日本的輪廓則遵循葡萄牙地圖傳統的特謝拉模型。
更引人注目的是其中的想像元素：「未知之地」延伸至東韃靼之外，日本海被標記為「Sea of Korea」。澳門的地名以比其他地名更大的字體呈現，突顯其在當時地圖上的重要性。

Macao Emphasized in Early Modern Mapping
This map of China Proper, including Korea and Japan, depicts particular detail when compared to maps of the same period. The Great Wall is prominently drawn, the Yellow River under the toponym “Hoambo R.” and even the Gobi Desert. Korea is correctly shown as a peninsula, and the outline of Japan follows the Teixeira model, a tradition rooted in Portuguese mapping.
Equally fascinating are the imaginative elements: “Parts Unknown” stretching beyond Eastern Tartary, and the Seas of Japan appear as “Sea of Korea”. Macao is emphasized in a larger script than other toponyms to denote its importance.

地圖 / Detail from: Moll, Herman. – 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝐸𝑚𝑝𝑖𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝐶ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐼𝑠𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝐽𝑎𝑝𝑎𝑛 : 𝐴𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑡𝑜 𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑛 𝐻𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑦. – [London] : [s.n.], [ca. 1734]
原件收藏機構 / Provenance: 博德利圖書館 / Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford, 𝐕𝐞𝐭. 𝐀𝟒 𝐞.𝟏𝟎𝟖𝟐.
https://libspc.must.edu.mo/fullRead/000051/991003637706405076

#地圖 #全球地圖中的澳門 #海圖 #世界地圖 #製圖者 #地圖項目 #澳科大 #澳門科技大學圖書館 #澳門 #中國 #手稿 #刻本 #古地圖

前往廣州的航路圖
這幅十八世紀三十年代珠江三角洲的海圖描繪了西方船隻自上川島經澳門、虎門至廣州的航線，沿途標示了測深數據、堡壘與塔樓。廣州的雙重城牆、防禦工事以及蓮花塔（文昌塔）清晰可見，而澳門則繪有房屋和三座堡壘。
內港與氹仔的停泊點突顯了該地的海上角色。插圖則詳示廣州城牆的平面輪廓，展現了城市的防禦與規劃。

Navigational Routes to Guangzhou
This 1730s chart of the Pearl River Delta traces the route Western ships followed between Sangchuan, through Macao and Humen to Guangzhou, highlighting soundings, forts, and pagodas along the way. The double walls of Guangzhou, its defensive forts, and the Lotus Pagoda are clearly marked, while Macao appears with houses and three fortresses.
Anchorage points at the Inner Harbour and Taipa emphasize the region’s maritime role. The inset details a plan with the outline of the walled city of Guangzhou.

地圖 / Detail from: 𝐶𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑒 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑙'𝐸𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒́𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝐶𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑛. – [Paris] : [s.n.], [1737]
原件收藏機構 / Provenance: 澳大利亞國家圖書 / National Library of Australia, 𝐌𝐀𝐏 𝐑𝐌 𝟓𝟎𝟏𝟑.
https://libspc.must.edu.mo/fullRead/000051/991003636185605076

#地圖 #全球地圖中的澳門 #海圖 #世界地圖 #製圖者 #地圖項目 #澳科大 #澳門科技大學圖書館 #澳門 #中國 #手稿 #刻本 #古地圖

人口與發展：七十年代末的澳門
這幅二十世紀七十年代末的澳門、氹仔與路環地圖，結合了1978至1979年的地理、人口與經濟資料，標示了各區的重要地點、規劃中的填海區、以及住宅與工業區，反映出城市的拓展。
本圖另有公司及服務列表，展現澳門在二十世紀晚期推動現代化與基礎建設發展的成果。
Demography and Development: Macao at the End of the 1970s
This late-1970s map of Macao, Taipa, and Coloane combines geographic, demographic, and economic data from 1978–1979. It highlights districts, key locations, and even planned reclamation areas for housing and industry, reflecting the city’s rapid urban expansion.
By combining cartographic outlines with lists of companies and services, the map captures Macao’s modernization drive and infrastructural growth during a pivotal moment in its late 20th century development.

地圖 / Detail from: Centro Relações Económicas (Macau). – 𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝑀𝑎𝑐𝑎𝑢 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑀𝐵𝐶 𝑡𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠. – Macau : Macau Business Centre, [1979]
原件收藏機構 / Provenance: 澳大利亞國家圖書 / National Library of Australia, 𝐌𝐀𝐏 𝐆𝟕𝟗𝟒𝟔.𝐄𝟔𝟑𝟓 𝟏𝟗𝟕𝟗.
https://libspc.must.edu.mo/fullRead/000051/991003636184205076

#地圖 #全球地圖中的澳門 #海圖 #世界地圖 #製圖者 #地圖項目 #澳科大 #澳門科技大學圖書館 #澳門 #中國 #手稿 #刻本 #古地圖

從福州到倫敦：一幅珍稀的明代地圖
此圖基於一幅珍稀的1605年中國木刻版地圖，於福州印行，題為《偹志皇明一統形勢分野人物出處全覽》。該圖曾被帶到倫敦，並由塞缪尔·珀切斯（Samuel Purchas）記述，描繪了中國本土，標示十一座城市，包括北京、南京、廣州、上海與澳門，以及河流、湖泊與山脈。
此圖的特色在於融合了中國傳統的製圖方法與耶穌會士影響下的地名，並在插圖中呈現利瑪竇（Matteo Ricci）及中國人物的肖像。珀切斯誤解了部分地理特徵，如戈壁沙漠，但他的記錄仍保存了這件非凡的明代地理文獻，並透過拉丁文的轉譯，使其得以為全球讀者所知。

From Fuzhou to London: A Rare Ming Map
This map is based on a rare 1605 Chinese woodblock map printed in Fuzhou, titled “Complete View of the Topography, Astral Correspondences, and Origins of Personages of the Imperial Ming Great State, Recorded in its Entirety.” Once brought to London and later described by Samuel Purchas, it depicts China Proper with eleven named cities, including Beijing, Nanjing, Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Macao, alongside rivers, lakes, and mountains.
The map is remarkable for its synthesis of Chinese cartography and Jesuit-influenced toponyms, with insets featuring portraits of Matteo Ricci and Chinese figures. Purchas misunderstood certain features, such as the Gobi Desert, yet his account preserved this extraordinary artifact of Ming-era geography and, by rendering it into Latin, made it accessible to a global audience.

地圖 / Detail from: 𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑀𝑎𝑝 𝑜𝑓 𝐶ℎ𝑖𝑛𝑎 = 皇明一统方輿備覧. – [London] : [s.n.], [1625]原件收藏機構 / Provenance: 澳門科技大學圖書館/ Macau University of Science and Technology Library, 𝐆𝟕𝟖𝟐𝟎 𝐌𝟑𝟕 𝟏𝟔𝟐𝟓 𝐫𝐚𝐫𝐞.
https://libspc.must.edu.mo/fullRead/000051/991003487221105076

#地圖 #全球地圖中的澳門 #海圖 #世界地圖 #製圖者 #地圖項目 #澳科大 #澳門科技大學圖書館 #澳門 #中國 #手稿 #刻本 #古地圖

澳門地理變遷圖
這幅二十世紀七十年代的地圖描繪了澳門、氹仔與路環，呈現半島與島嶼的基本形態，並標示區域地名及重要地點。地圖同時記錄溪流、沼澤、街道、堤道、建築、教堂與墓地，提供了城市與鄉村景觀的完整概覽。
透過地理、基礎建設與文化元素的整合，地圖反映了澳門在珠江三角洲現代化與城市擴張背景下的空間身份演變。它既是地理資料，也是澳門在轉型時期的歷史見證。

Mapping Macao’s Changing Landscape
This 1970s map of Macao, Taipa, and Coloane offers a detailed view of the territory’s evolving landscape. It depicts relief, districts, and urban outlines, while also marking creeks, swamps, causeways, churches, cemeteries, and other key features that shaped daily life.
By integrating geographic, infrastructural, and cultural elements, the map reflects Macao’s transformation during a period of modernization and expansion in the Pearl River Delta. It stands as both a record of spatial organization and a snapshot of the territory’s identity in transition.

地圖 / Detail from: Portugal. Junta de Investigações do Ultramar. Centro de Geografia do Ultramar. – 𝑅𝑒𝑝𝑢́𝑏𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎 𝑃𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑢𝑔𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑎. 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖́𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑀𝑎𝑐𝑎𝑢. – [Lisboa] : Junta de Investigações Científicas do Ultramar, 1975
原件收藏機構 / Provenance: 澳大利亞國家圖書 / National Library of Australia, 𝐌𝐀𝐏 𝐆𝟕𝟗𝟒𝟓 𝟏𝟗𝟕𝟓.
https://libspc.must.edu.mo/fullRead/000051/991003636184105076

#地圖 #全球地圖中的澳門 #海圖 #世界地圖 #製圖者 #地圖項目 #澳科大 #澳門科技大學圖書館 #澳門 #中國 #手稿 #刻本 #古地圖

亞洲的“新發現”
這幅早期近代亞洲地圖結合了托勒密的古典框架與葡萄牙航海家的新發現，突顯錫蘭、馬六甲與果阿等重要貿易中心。地圖中將爪哇分為兩座島嶼，並將摩鹿加群島置於西方，以符合《托爾德西里亞斯條約》下的葡萄牙勢力範圍。
除了地理描繪之外，地圖亦反映中古旅行文獻的持續影響，尤其是馬可波羅對「契丹」的描述。它展現了一個知識與探索交會的世界，地圖不僅是地理工具，更是帝國擴張與探索發現的象徵。

“New Discovery” of Asia
This early modern map of Asia combines the classical framework of Ptolemy with the fresh discoveries of Portuguese navigators. It highlights Sri Lanka, Malacca, and Goa as vital trading centers, while curiously splitting Java into two islands and placing the Moluccas far west to align with Portuguese claims under the Treaty of Tordesillas.
Beyond geography, the map reflects the enduring influence of medieval travel literature, drawing on Marco Polo’s descriptions of Cathay. It captures a world in transition, where ancient knowledge met new exploration, and cartography became a tool of both discovery and empire.

地圖 / Detail from: 𝐿𝑎 𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑅𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑂𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒, 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑡 𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑛𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑠 & 𝑟𝑜𝑦𝑎𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑠 𝑑'𝐴𝑠𝑖𝑒. – [Basel] : [s.n.], [1552]-[1568]
原件收藏機構 / Provenance: 澳大利亞國家圖書 / National Library of Australia, 𝐌𝐀𝐏 𝐑𝐌 𝟐𝟓𝟒𝟏.
https://libspc.must.edu.mo/fullRead/000051/991003635193105076

#地圖 #全球地圖中的澳門 #海圖 #世界地圖 #製圖者 #地圖項目 #澳科大 #澳門科技大學圖書館 #澳門 #中國 #手稿 #刻本 #古地圖

澳門地圖：地標與全球連結
這是一幅澳門半島的旅遊地圖，以紅色標示各個景點，城市建築則以幾何風格呈現，展現典型的都市規劃特色。街道名稱與地標提供了方位與背景，同時地圖也記錄了澳門透過填海工程而改變的城市景觀。
主圖旁附有兩幅插圖：其一為世界地圖，標示各大洲的重要城市，將澳門置於全球框架之中；另一幅則描繪珠江口，紅色突顯澳門半島、氹仔與路環，並以洋紅色標示香港，呈現澳門、廣州與香港之間的距離比較。主圖與插圖相互呼應，不僅展現澳門的城市地理，也突顯其與區域及全球網絡的連結，反映了澳門作為商業、旅遊與文化交流樞紐的歷史角色。

Mapping Macao: Local Landmarks and Global Connections
This is a tourist map of the Macao peninsula highlighting places of interest in red, while the city’s architecture is drawn in a geometric style typical of urban plans. Street names and landmarks provide orientation, and the map also records the city’s transformation through land reclamation projects.
Two inset maps enrich the main plan: one situates Macao within a global framework by marking major cities worldwide, while the other depicts the Pearl River Delta, showing Macao, Taipa, Coloane, and Hong Kong. Together, they highlight Macao’s local geography and its broader connections to regional and global networks, reflecting its historical role as a hub of commerce, tourism, and cultural exchange.

地圖 / Detail from: Macau. Departamento de Informação e Turismo. – [𝑇𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑖𝑠𝑡 𝑚𝑎𝑝, 𝑀𝑎𝑐𝑎𝑢]. – [Macau] : [s.n.], [1984]
原件收藏機構 / Provenance: 澳大利亞國家圖書 / National Library of Australia, 𝐌𝐀𝐏 𝐓 𝟏𝟑𝟎𝟕.
https://libspc.must.edu.mo/fullRead/000051/991003636190705076

#地圖 #全球地圖中的澳門 #海圖 #世界地圖 #製圖者 #地圖項目 #澳科大 #澳門科技大學圖書館 #澳門 #中國 #手稿 #刻本 #古地圖

銅版雕刻地球儀球瓣圖
這是一張用於製作直徑二十公分地球儀的銅版雕刻球瓣平面圖。由於平面地圖無法完美地包覆球體，球瓣設計成兩端狹窄尖細、中部較寬，以便在貼合球面時能夠無縫拼合。
圖中描繪了歐洲、亞洲、非洲，其中包括中國的萬里長城，以及非洲內陸的一個小型捲草飾框，框內文字描述了尼羅河的源頭。此作品將地理細節與裝飾藝術相融合，反映了當時製作地球儀的雄心與美學追求。

Engraved Globe Gores
This is an engraved sheet of terrestrial globe gores meant to be assembled into a 20 cm globe. Because a flat map cannot be perfectly wrapped onto a sphere, gores are designed with narrow, pointed ends and wider centers so they fit together seamlessly when applied to a spherical surface.
It captures Europe, Asia, Africa, including a depiction of the Great Wall of China, and the interior of Africa, where a small scrollwork cartouche describes the source of the Nile. blending geographic detail with decorative artistry to reflect the ambitions of globe-making in its time.

地圖 / Detail from: Seutter, Matthäus. – [𝐺𝑙𝑜𝑏𝑒 𝐺𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑆ℎ𝑒𝑒𝑡𝑠 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐸𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑛 𝐻𝑒𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑝ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒, 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝐴𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑎]. – [Augsburg, Germany] : [s.n.], [ca. 1710]
原件收藏機構 / Provenance: 澳大利亞國家圖書 / National Library of Australia, 𝐌𝐀𝐏 𝐑𝐌 𝟒𝟖𝟔𝟖.
https://libspc.must.edu.mo/fullRead/000051/991003636187005076

#地圖 #全球地圖中的澳門 #海圖 #世界地圖 #製圖者 #地圖項目 #澳科大 #澳門科技大學圖書館 #澳門 #中國 #手稿 #刻本 #古地圖

庫克第三次在澳門航行的地圖
本圖出自法國地圖學家里戈貝爾·邦納（Rigobert Bonne, 1727–1795）的《百科全書地圖集》，聚焦於詹姆斯·庫克（James Cook）的第三次航行。此航行旨在尋找西北航道並拓展歐洲對太平洋的認識。澳門在庫克返航途中成為重要的停靠港，他的船隊在此補給並整修。
地圖詳細描繪了澳門半島、氹仔（大潭山與小潭山）、路環，以及附近的島嶼如對面山、小橫琴與大橫琴。半島內部的城市與防禦城牆清晰可見，但邦納的重點在於海域：氹仔泊位與外澳門港口被精確繪製，並在氹仔與路環周邊標示了大量測深數據，凸顯這些水域在航海上的重要性。

Map of Macau and Cook's third voyage
This is a map of Macao and its surroundings from the Atlas Encyclopédique by Rigobert Bonne (1727–1795), focused on Captain James Cook’s third voyage, aimed to locate the Northwest Passage and expand European knowledge of the Pacific Ocean.
Macao was a crucial port of call on Cook’s return journey, where his fleet was resupplied and refurbished. The chart captures the Macao Peninsula, Taipa (shown as Taipa Grande and Taipa Pequena), Coloane, and nearby islands such as Dumian Shian, Xiaohenqin, and Dahenqin. Inland detail is concentrated on the peninsula itself, with the city and its defensive wall clearly marked. But Bonne’s cartographic eye was firmly on the sea: the Typa Anchorage and Outer Macao Rada are meticulously plotted, with numerous soundings around Taipa and Coloane underscoring the navigational importance of these waters.

地圖 / Detail from: Bonne, Rigobert. – 𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝐵𝑎𝑦𝑒 𝑑'𝐴𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑠𝑘𝑎, 𝑠𝑢𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝐶𝑜̂𝑡𝑒 𝑂𝑟𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒 𝑑𝑢 𝐾𝑎𝑚𝑡𝑠𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑡𝑘𝑎 ; 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑒 𝑑𝑢 𝐽𝑎𝑝𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑢 𝑁𝑖𝑝𝑜𝑛 ; 𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛 𝑑𝑢 𝑇𝑦𝑝𝑎 𝑜𝑢 𝑑𝑒 𝑀𝑎𝑐𝑎𝑜 ; [𝐼𝑠𝑙𝑒 𝑑𝑒 𝑆𝑜𝑢𝑓𝑟𝑒]. – [Paris] : [s.n.], [1787]
原件收藏機構 / Provenance: 澳門科技大學圖書館/ Macau University of Science and Technology Library, 𝐆𝟕𝟖𝟐𝟑.𝐌𝟐 𝐁𝟔𝟔 𝟏𝟕𝟖𝟕 𝐫𝐚𝐫𝐞
https://libspc.must.edu.mo/fullRead/000051/991003635193005076

#地圖 #全球地圖中的澳門 #海圖 #世界地圖 #製圖者 #地圖項目 #澳科大 #澳門科技大學圖書館 #澳門 #中國 #手稿 #刻本 #古地圖

耶穌會士從果阿到澳門之航程
這幅十八世紀的東南亞地圖由奧地利雕刻師約翰·雅各布·利德爾（Johann Jakob Lidl）繪製，描繪了一段耶穌會會士自果阿經馬六甲海峽到澳門的路線。地圖突顯葡萄牙地名與航線，涵蓋孟加拉灣、婆羅洲及珠江三角洲。
藍色航線標示的行程自五月十一日始於果阿，八月五日抵達澳門，彰顯澳門作為耶穌會在遠東活動的樞紐地位。雖然年份與旅者身份未明，但此圖反映了十八世紀傳教、貿易與探索交織的世界，並將澳門置於核心的地位。

Jesuit Voyage from Goa to Macao
This 18th century map of Southeast Asia, engraved by Johann Jakob Lidl, traces a Jesuit journey from Goa through the Strait of Malacca to Macao. It highlights Portuguese place names and maritime routes across the Bay of Bengal, Borneo, and the Pearl River Delta.
The blue marked itinerary begins in Goa on 11 May and ends in Macao on 5 August, underscoring the city’s role as a vital Jesuit hub. Though the year and traveler remain uncertain, the chart reflects the interconnected world of missions, trade, and exploration that placed Macao at the heart of 18th century global history.

地圖 / Detail from: [𝑆𝑜𝑢𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝐴𝑠𝑖𝑎]. – Viennae : [s.n.], [1755]
原件收藏機構 / Provenance: 澳門科技大學圖書館/ Macau University of Science and Technology Library, 𝐆𝟖𝟎𝟕𝟎 𝐒𝟔𝟖 𝟏𝟕𝟓𝟓 𝐫𝐚𝐫𝐞
https://libspc.must.edu.mo/fullRead/000051/991003635192905076

#地圖 #全球地圖中的澳門 #海圖 #世界地圖 #製圖者 #地圖項目 #澳科大 #澳門科技大學圖書館 #澳門 #中國 #手稿 #刻本 #古地圖