Whole Boat English Center

Count Nouns vs. Non-Count Nouns

Count nouns
Can be counted as one or more.
pen, computer, bottle, spoon, desk, cup, television, chair, shoe, finger, flower, camera, stick, balloon, book, table, comb, etc.

Take an s to form the plural.
pens, computers, bottles, spoons, desks, cups, televisions, chairs, shoes, fingers, flowers, cameras, sticks, balloons, books, tables, combs, etc.
Work with expressions such as (a few, few, many, some, every, each, these, and the number of).
a few pens, a few computers, many bottles, some spoons, every desk, each cup, these televisions, the number of chairs, a few shoes, a few fingers, many flowers, some cameras, every stick, each balloon, these books, the number of tables, many combs, etc.

Work with appropriate articles (a, an, or the).
a pen, the computer, a bottle, the spoon, a desk, the cup, a television, the chair, a shoe, the finger, a flower, the camera, a stick, the balloon, a book, the table, a comb, etc.
Do NOT work with much (for example, you would never say much pens or much computers).

Non-count nouns
Cannot be counted. They usually express a group or a type.
water, wood, ice, air, oxygen, English, Spanish, traffic, furniture, milk, wine, sugar, rice, meat, flour, soccer, sunshine, etc.

Generally cannot be pluralized.
Work both with and without an article (a, an, or the), depending on the context of the sentence.

Sugar is sweet.

The sunshine is beautiful.

Work with expressions such as (some, any, enough, this, that, and much).

We ate some rice and milk.

I hope to see some sunshine today.

Do NOT work with expressions such as (these, those, every, each, either, or neither).

Singular and Plural Nouns

A noun names a person, place, thing, or idea.
Usually, the first page of a grammar book tells you about nouns. Nouns give names of concrete or abstract things in our lives. As babies learn mom, dad, or milk as their first word, nouns should be the first topic when you study a foreign language.
For the plural form of most nouns, add s.

bottle – bottles

cup – cups

For nouns that end in ch, x, s, or s sounds, add es.

box – boxes

watch – watches

For nouns ending in f or fe, change f to v and add es.

wolf – wolves

wife – wives

Some nouns have different plural forms.

child – children

woman – women

Nouns ending in vowels like y or o do not have definite rules.

baby – babies

toy – toys

A few nouns have the same singular and plural forms.

sheep – sheep

deer – deer

Topic

Gradable and nongradable Adjectives
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Definition of the terms;

- Gradable: Able to form degrees or grades.
● Antonym:
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ungradable ;
☆. (linguistics) : A gradable word means : A word that can be inflected to specify the degree or grade of something.

Then Adjectives can be gradable or non gradable

1. Non gradable adjectives are like
• Married
• wooden
You can't say " I am very married " or " I am a bit married."

Non gradable adjectives do not have different degrees.
E.g:
Adjectives like " Terrifying, freezing, Amazing " are nongradable adjectives because they contain already the idea of "very " in their definition or meaning
* Freezing: means "very cold ", etc.

Then, to use Adverbs of degree
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When we use Adverbs of degrees to modify adjectives, we usually have to use different for gradable and nongradable adjectives.

* Note:
1. I am completely hot,
2. It was very fantastic !

With gradable adjectives
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E.g:
1. it's a bit cold
2. Shall I turn the fire on?
3. He's very interested in history.
4. Why don't you buy him a history book?
5. I don't know any of the answers.
6. I am extremely tired

The Adverbs
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" a bit , really, extremely, and quiet " can be all used with gradable adjectives.

With nongradable adjectives:
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1. It's absolutely Freezing in here
2. Shall I turn the fire on?
3. He's completely fascinated by history.
4. Why don't you buy him a history book?
5. This exercise is absolutely impossible.
6. That film is really terrifying, don't go and see it on your own.

● Please!!!
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The Adverbs like "absolutely" and
" completely " can be be used with nongradable adjectives and gradable adjectives.

CONCLUSION
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●Note: there are other Adverbs of degrees that I haven't covered in this section. The

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