Prominent Consultancy

HOW TO START A GOAT FARMING BUSINESS

Goat business is profitable. with some guidance and patience anyone will sure make a living from it. the market for goat is high and will continue to increase. yet many young folks are not looking into this direction. whether you desire to go into goat farming or simply rearing for personal purposes, we are willing to provide guidance.
Or if you simply want to go into buying and selling of goats, which is very lucrative!

Decide what type of goat business you want to do

👉Goat business is a diversified business. Goats
produce diary and meat, aside the excreta and hair.
Goats can also be breed to sell. As a business
owner explore these different aspects of the business and make money. Decide on which areas you want to
focus your attention on.

Identify the purpose of your goat farming business.
these are no hard things and anyone can do it with a bit of commitment and guidance.

👉Do one need big money to start goat Business? no as you will discover later on.
👉Can one even start with zero budget ? yes.
can one start small ? yes as you will discover later on.
👉what about feeding issue any ways around this without big budget? yes .
👉shelter and security ? yes serious issues but there are ways around them.
👉need for training ? yes formal or informal ,
👉on the job or otherwise
Risk ? yes. moderate to high but can be mitigated .
👉profitable ? sure , profitable with ready market year round without religious, cultural or medical limitations

RAW BASICS!

1. decide your area of interest. I suggest you settle for goat meat production including live goats.

2. decide that you will run it as a business. give a name to it: e.g Brazil Goat company ltd, after you have enough fund you may register it later. but have record books .treat it as full fledge business entity even if you are doing it part time.

3. you can do it full time or part time but you need to schedule your time to see the goat daily. don't delegate yet. start part time. later employ attendants.

4.start small to gain experience at least for few months. do it at this stage alone. start with 10 goats of mixed breeds but don't worry too much about breeds at this stage. if you start with 50 goats chances are high that you will fail or be discouraged except you hire experienced hands which will increase your budget.

4. secure a space for your goat.

do you really need a large space for goats ? do you need grazing pasture ? is the extensive system of goat management still profitable for commercial goat business ? what is the current trend that is profitable in the long term ?

I will tell you. you don't need this kind of space people talk about. they are "old school" and rustic stuffs. from experience, culture, research and the science of goat you don't.

4. secure a space for your goat.

the popular belief is the that goats can be economically maintained ONLY under semi-intensive and extensive systems with a provision of grazing. however contrary to this , goats can be and has been raised successfully under intensive system of management both here in africa and elsewhere. in fact most commercial goat farms in India are under extensive system.

so non access to grazing resources and large expanse of Land should not discourage intending commercial goat farmers.
the question therefore is this: how do you handle the issue of feeding without access to free large expanse of grasses?

You can consider

👉 hydroponic fodder growing
👉you can start fodder beds around your home
👉make sure to understand goat feeding so you can use alternative supplement feeding!
✍🏻just note that you can raise goats for profit without large expanse of land . in fact it is more profitable

question comes: are you saying that my large backyard is still OK for 10 goats? yes if you can secure them properly with good ventilation and protection from rain and adverse weather conditions. in fact there are several reasons why you need to start from your backyard or nearby space. don't go buy big farmland yet until you grow big after starting from your back yard or nearby space.

so you have no reason not to go into goat farming. 👉so your next assignment is to go prepare your backyard or lease your neighbours backyard.
👉construct open sheds backing the wall of your fence. that is where to keep the goats.

✍🏻Shelter
Goats need to be confined at night for a number of reasons:
👉To provide shelter from bad weather
👉To prevent theft
👉To prevent predation.

✍🏻If animals are kraaled but are not provided with a shelter they will be exposed to the weather and will not be able to choose a place that is more protected from rain or wind. For this reason, it is important that the kraal owner provides the necessary shelter and protection.
✍🏻In building such a structure it is important to consider the following aspects:
👉A roof to protect from rain
👉Walls/sides to protect from wind
👉Drainage or cement floor to prevent the ground from being too muddy after rain
👉Provision of raised areas (preferably slatted to allow droppings to fall through) where goats can escape from wet, muddy conditions
👉It is also important that it is possible to clean the kraal in order to prevent the build up of disease-causing bacteria and parasites in the dung and dust.

STOCKING IN GOAT BUSINESS

Dont start your goat business with one goat. Plan on getting at least two goats. Normally if you have enough fund get ten goats. Goats are social animals, and are more likely to be uncooperative or try to escape if kept alone. Always keep at least
two goats in each enclosure.

👉Dont keep uncastrated males (bucks) with females (does) in same enclosure all the time except for planned breeding purpose.
👉Decide how many male and female goats to purchase.

✍🏻There are three
main types of goats divided by s*x:

👉females, called does;

👉uncastrated males,called bucks;

👉castrated males, called wethers.

Does need to be impregnated by a buck before they produce milk and kids,but raising a buck can require a lot of extra work.

Bucks require a separate enclosure, may develop a strong odor, and are often aggressive.

For the easiest way to start your goat farm, buy two does, and pay another goat farm for the opportunity to breed your does with its buck.

wethers are not able to breed or produce milk. Many goat farms end up with wethers when their goats give birth to extra males.

so you should consider castrating the extra males and keep just one male for between 25 and 50 females.

If you do purchase a buck, consider one with the ideal traits in goats without any defect so as not to introduce defects into your herd .
👉It is a wise management decision to choose a buck to breed selected does and run only that buck with the females.

Different goat breeds
✍🏻Goat breeds can be divided into three categories:

👉1. Indigenous breeds which have been naturally selected for adaptability to harsh environments and which are generally used for meat production, but are also important for cultural purposes.

👉2. Meat breeds which have been specifically bred for meaproducing characteristics. Such breeds available in Africa include Boer Goats, Savanna Goats and Kalahari Red Goats. It is generally accepted that they are more susceptible to disease than non-improved goats.

3. Dairy breeds which are all imported breeds and include mainly

Saanen goats and Toggenburg goats. These are breeds that have been selected for milk production and are used for the production of milk and processed milk products such as cheese and yoghurt. It is generally accepted that these breeds are very susceptible to diseases and parasites.

Basic information for indigenous goats!!

👉Length of gestation period (pregnancy) 150 days (approximately 5 months)
👉Birth weight 2.5 kg
👉Weaning weight (weight when kid stops suckling) 12-15 kg
👉Mature mass of female 35-40 kg
👉Mature mass of rams 45-50 kg
👉Breeding age for young ewes 9 months
👉Main kidding seasons (April–June) or (September–December)
👉Ram/ewe ratio 1 ram to 20 ewes (5 rams for every 100 ewes)
👉Lifespan (10-12 years).

Goats can be kept healthy by:

👉Ensuring that they have access to enough feed of the correct quality
👉Ensuring they have access to clean water
👉Following a vaccination programme against common diseases
👉Keeping internal and external parasites under control
👉Keeping sick goats separate so that disease does not spread to healthy goats
👉Making sure that any goats introduced to the flock are disease-free
👉Sheltering goats from adverse weather. If a goat does get sick it needs to be treated. More importantly, it is essential to keep a record of goats that you treat because if a particular animal gets sick often, it should be culled as it is a weak individual and is not only costing you money but is also passing on its genes to the next generation.

How do I know if my goat is sick?
If the goat is sick:

👉It will appear dull and listless
👉It may have obvious symptoms of sickness such as coughing or diarrhoea
👉It may not follow the rest of the flock when they go out to feed
👉It may have an abnormal temperature – either too high or too low.

✍🏻Key equipment The goat farmer should have access to:

👉Cooler box
👉Goat book
👉Animal Health Book
👉Burdizzo
👉Ear tag applicator
👉Hoof trimmers 👉Tattoo applicator, ink and alphabet
👉Knapsack sprayer
👉Scale or weight belt
👉Mask
👉Gloves
👉Blades
👉Digital thermometer
👉Antiseptic handwash
👉Gauze swabs.

✍🏻Consumable medicines and equipment
The goat farmer should have on hand:

👉Disposable syringes (5cc, 10cc)
👉Large syringe for drenching/dosing (60cc)
👉Non disposable syringe
👉Needles (20 gauge or 22 gauge but preferably 5/8 or 1 inch length)
👉Antibiotic eye powder
👉Antibiotic powder (such as Terramycin powder)
👉Broad spectrum dewormer for wireworms, tapeworms and flukes, (e.e Prodose Orange and Eradiworm )
👉Dip – a conventional one to be mixed with water (such as Tactic)
👉Wound spray with fly repellent
👉Coopers Wound oil
👉Tick grease
👉Long acting antibiotic (such as Terramycin LA)
👉Short acting antibiotic (such as oxytetracycline 120)
👉Sulphur based antibiotic (such as Disulphox) for treating coccidiosis
👉Injectable solution for mange, lice (such as Ivermectin)
👉Iodine spray
👉Iodine drops (for newborn kids)
👉Copper Sulphate (for foot baths)
👉Vitamins (such as Multivite).

✍🏻Record keeping Part To be able to manage your goats, you need some basic system of record keeping. Your system should be able to give you the following information:

👉The exact number of goats that you have (broken down into different age categories)
👉The dates when your ewes give birth and the number of kids born
👉The number of goats that die (and the age when they die and cause of death)
👉The exact goats that have been treated (for what and with what)
👉Who the mother of any particular kid is
👉When a particular ram was brought into the herd
👉The age of any particular goat (the year it was born)
👉The number of goats sold, time when they were sold and prices obtained.

Why not try goat farming today??

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HOW TO START A TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS BUSINESS

The transport and logistics industry is an easy business to enter, but the trick comes in sustaining the business. The transport business has a ‘low barrier to entry’ at the bottom of the market, meaning that anyone with a ‘bakkie’ or a minibus can start offering transport services. This results in a flood of competition at the bottom end of the market.

With fierce competition, operators cut prices to survive barely making enough to cover their expenses. This naturally leads to a distressed business that is unable to survive.

Seek out customers and contracts BEFORE you start the business because transport contracts don’t magically appear later on.

Where to go for finance when starting a transport and logistics business?

Commercial Banks. Commercial banks will finance vehicles used in the transport industry. Before you approach the bank for funding you must be able to show the bank that you have the necessary expertise to run a business by producing a well constructed business plan. You will need security (personal surety and or assets) to cover the loan amount that you need.

Start-up Funds. Start-up Funds has been created to empower Botswana’s historically disadvantaged entrepreneurs to establish new enterprises. Individual solutions are structured after having assessed the potential return of the venture and level of risk. Loans are repaid over a 5-8 year period SME’s can apply for finance between P150 000 to P3 million.

Funding institutions such as CEDA,YDF & NDB assists entrepreneurs to finance vehicles, components and accessories as well as diverse transport products such as boats, planes and trains. Repayment is usually made over 5-10 years depending on the risk profile.

It’s all in the approach

Getting funding is one of the most difficult things for any start-up to achieve. If a business owner walks into a bank and asks to loan two million to start a transport business, the chances are very good that the response will be a negative one.

Protect your credit record

If you do not have a good credit record, no one will want to loan money to start a business, especially commercial banks.

It is very important to communicate regularly with your bank, and service your accounts responsibly.

By having a good credit profile, you are over the first hurdle.

Find out what documents the bank needs

Contact the bank and find out what information the bank will require before applying for a loan. It always makes a good impression when you are organised.

Show the bank you have the expertise
Before approaching a bank, you must be able to show them that you have the necessary expertise to run a business by producing a well-constructed business plan.

Security is required

You will need security (personal surety and or assets) to cover the loan amount that you need. It is important to show the bank realistic cash flow projections and balance sheets for two to three years.

Understand how banks operate

Create a careful breakdown of what finance you need, vehicles, start-up capital etc. Banks are usually departmentalised.

For example, Standard Bank Vehicle and Asset finance division has a team of transport specialists who can advise you on the most suitable finance options with regard to buying vehicles, but they won’t be able to help you with regard to start-up capital.

You should have collateral

In order to borrow, privately or through commercial banks you must have collateral. Botswana’s big four banks offer the standard range of credit – overdrafts, revolving credit, term loans, business mortgages, vehicle and asset finance, property finance, and debtor finance.

So if you want a loan of P100 000, you have a P10 000 deposit the bank many grant you a P100 000 loan if it considers you a good risk. Collateral can be in the form of a property, an insurance policy, someone standing surety, or a combination of these.

Rather seek finance in isolation

Once you have the vehicle finance, approved approach the banks Small Business Division for Start-Up capital. By seeking finance in isolation (department by department), it’s much easier to get approval.

If you have, though the help of your mentor, secured a contract to transport goods, this too, will make it much easier to get finance, especially if vehicle finance has already been approved.

Consider government funding

There are a variety of Government Funds that have been created to empower Botswana’s historically disadvantaged entrepreneurs to establish new enterprises. Individual solutions are structured after having assessed the potential return of the venture and level of risk.

A partner could be the solution

If you do not have a deposit and cannot get approval for financing, consider taking a partner who may be able provide the necessary deposit.

Consider renting

If you are unable to get funding, consider renting instead of purchasing a vehicle and begin your business on a modest scale.

What are the ongoing overheads in a transport business?
One of the most important things to do in order to run a successful transport company is to understand your costs.

Don’t take short cuts and remember quality controls and stringent maintenance to vehicles is crucial,” says Mike Johnston, director of Transport Concepts, a transport and distribution consultancy.

Besides capital outlay for equipment and vehicles, other expenses have to be considered:

Garage or other facilities for vehicles stored at business premises
Additional security features – e.g. immobilisers and tracking equipment
Routine servicing and maintenance of vehicles
Repairs for scratches, wear and tear (tyres) or accident damage
Fuel costs
Cleaning
Parking costs incurred for business use
Toll charges incurred for business use
Accounting/invoicing
Traffic fines
Marketing and advertising programmes
Salaries and benefits for staff.

Vehicles roadworthy

By law, any vehicle using Botswana public roads has to be “roadworthy”. The responsibility of scheduling and taking a vehicle in for roadworthy testing rests solely on each individual vehicle owner.

Should trucks be leased or purchased?

Regardless of how vehicles are paid for, the cost of financing a transport business is the biggest expense which has to be dealt with. Make sure you do your homework and have an understanding of the different options available when it comes to paying for vehicles. You can consider the following options:

1. Financial Lease

- No upfront cash is needed
- A lease is flexible and can be “tailored” to suit specific cash flow
- Use of vehicles is funded from revenue
- Ownership remains with the lessor
Rentals must be paid when due, regardless of cash flow start-up

2. Extended Rental Agreement

- Fixed rentals are a hedge against inflation
- Instalments can be paid from the revenue generated by use of the vehicle
- Be clear about exclusions
- Understand what portion of the rental is allocated to the maintenance component of the lease if there is one, and how this is set to escalate over the period of the agreement.

3. Installment Sale (often includes a Maintenance Lease)
A small amount relative to the total purchase price is paid as a deposit
Instalments can be paid from the revenue generated by use of the vehicle
Fixed instalments assist budgeting

4. Outright Purchase – pay cash for the vehicles
You can negotiate discounts
Can be financed by employing overdraft fund
Shows on the balance sheet as an employed asset
Disadvantage include depreciation and maintenance
Whichever finance option you choose, it will have an affect on the cost of operating your transport company, the taxes you pay and the profits you can make.

What type of insurance is needed for a transport and logistics company?

Drivers’ liability: You must have insurance for drivers’ liability for injury to others, including passengers, and for damage to other people’s property resulting from the use of a vehicle on a road or other public place.

Comprehensive insurance: Which covers damage to vehicles as well as third-party liability, fire and theft, as well as sufficient cover for the goods transported in terms of damage and theft.

Where to find a contract or customers for my transport business?

There are almost 4 000 road freight businesses registered with the C**A; many of these are small businesses, and they will be your most direct competition. To determine your target market the first step is to do in-depth research that will help you define who your customers are.

This is known as market research and it is this collection and analysis of information about consumers and your competitors that we help you plan your marketing strategy.

Areas to look into are:

Manufacturers: They need their raw materials delivered to their workshops or factories

Agriculture: Farmers use road freight haulers to move their animal feed, chemicals such as fertiliser and pesticide, livestock and agricultural products are transported by road

Wholesalers: They need to have their stock delivered to their warehouses or wholesale outlets.

Smaller services: Refuse removal, garden clean-ups, furniture and office movers.
Advertising your services

Get your name out there. Try advertising in the local newspaper, or listing in the classified section of community newspapers in your area. Another successful avenue is the buying an ad in the Yellow Pages.
Apply your business name, logo and contact details on to vehicles, to raise awareness when vehicles are out on the road.Join associations such as the Road Freight Association or the local chambers of commerce so that you can network with companies operating in your area.

Obtaining contracts

In order to be successful in obtaining business contracts you have to demonstrate that you have experience in the industry and that you can sell your business based on a high standard of business principals and ethics. Ensure that you can offer a better service that no one else can.

If you have a history in the industry, it makes it much easier to win contracts.

Speak to owners of similar businesses and make yourself known. The best source of information you can find about an area of business, is other business owners. One way for smaller operators to secure contracts is through sub-contracting. Subcontracting occurs when a transporter contracts to a third party and not to the principal. The subcontractor subcontracts to an established transport company which has the contract with the principal but perhaps does not have the capacity to carry out the contract.Make contact with businesses such as manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers to see if you can tender for work to deliver their goods.

Transport Brokers

As a small transport business, you can approach transport brokers and secure contracts through them.

Before accepting a contract though a broker, discuss the terms of the contract with your mentor, so that you have the proper checks and balances in place.

As a small transport business you can approach transport brokers and secure contracts through them.

A broker can take up to 20% of the contract value. “Be wary of who you choose to work with in the brokering industry as it is not well regulated and its wise to ensure that they are reliable and upstanding brokers”, recommends Johnston.

Finding Suppliers

How do you get onto a suppliers list?

There are almost 4 000-road freight businesses registered with Transport of which many are small businesses, and they will be your most direct competition.

Winning contracts takes hard work and it takes of lot of networking to develop strong relationships in the industry that you are approaching. Trustworthiness is another very important aspect.

TRANSPORT & LOGISTICS BUSINESS PLAN


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25 PROFITABLE AGRIBUSINESS IDEAS IN 2025

1. Vegetable Farming

Spinach, lettuce, pumpkin, broccoli, cabbage, and cucumber et al, are all vegetables that are consumed in every part of the globe and can also be cultivated in every part of the world. This goes to show that there is a very large market for vegetables. So, if you are looking towards starting an agricultural crop cultivation business, then one of your options is to go into vegetable farming.

2. Mushroom Farming

Mushroom farming is one of the most profitable agricultural business ideas for young entrepreneurs, which has a turnaround period of only three weeks. Yes, you heard that right! And, it has huge profit potential with demand for good quality and organic mushrooms being high among restaurant owners as well as households.

3. Transportation Business For Farmers

One of the challenges most farmers encounter is the lack of means of transportation to get their farm produce from their farms to the market. You can start a farm transport business to help farmers sort their transportation needs for a fee.

4. Livestock House Construction

Constructing poultry house, dairy farming cubicles and other such farming structures for use by farmers to rear their livestock.

5. Poultry equipment manufacturing

These are usually skilled artisans who construct various equipment needed on the poultry farm – welders, carpenters, electricians etc. You can learn the various specifications needed for the poultry equipment and you are in business.

6. Chicken and egg distribution business

This basically involves bridging the gap between poultry farmers and the consumer market. It is very lucrative and requires relatively little money to start-up. You can focus only on chicken, eggs or both. You meet poultry farmers, buy their stock and resell them in the market to wholesalers and retailers. It does not need any special skills, only your marketing abilities and a working vehicle.

7. Fertilizer Distribution Business

If you like the idea of making a profit by helping people work with the soil, you might enjoy being a part of the fertilizer industry by starting fertilizer distribution business. Entrepreneurs can initiate fertilizer distribution business with a proper selection of products from any location. Find suppliers willing to do business at a suitable price in your area. Obtain quality products at a reasonable price from a reliable source. You can go for import also in the case of bulk purchase. In fertilizer distribution business, the source you choose will depend on your start-up budget.

8. Soil Testing Lab

Soil Testing is agronomically sound, beneficial and environmentally responsive tool used for monitoring the nutrient as well as making precise fertilizer recommendations for various crops and cropping sequences ensuring no damage to the environment. Establishing a soil testing lab is one of an ideal agriculture business ideas.

9. Agriculture Consulting

As with other consulting services, agriculture consulting requirement is surely expected to grow with coming days. People with experience and knowledge in a specified field of farming activity can consider offering consulting services to organizations and farmers.

10. Livestock Feed Production

This business is small scale manufacturing. Having confidence in distribution, one can start this business to make money out of livestock feed production.

11. Fodder Farming for Goats and Cows

Fodder is any agricultural foodstuff used specifically to feed domesticated livestock, such as chickens, horses, pigs, cattle and goats. The term refers to food given to animals, rather than the food they forage for themselves.

12. Vermicompost-Organic Fertilizer Production

Vermicompost organic fertilizer production has now become a major component of agro-business models across the country with a very low initial investment. An entrepreneur can start this business with the proper know-how of the production process.

13. Fish Farming

Commercial fish farming business is a lucrative investment that can spin money at any time of the year continuously. With the implementation of modern techniques and having owned space, an entrepreneur can start this business with moderate capital investment.

14. Piggery
Having a sufficient landholding an entrepreneur can start a piggery business. Among the various livestock species, piggery is most potential source for meat production and pigs are more efficient feed converters after the broiler. The major facility is pig farming requires a small investment in buildings and equipment.

15. Planting Service

If you don’t have your own farm but still want to build a business centered around planting crops, you could start your own planting service and work with other farmers or growers in your area.

16. Recruiting agency for Farmers

Most farmers suffer from a shortage of literate, low-level farm labor on their farms. An agency which helps farmers to easily and quickly recruit young, intelligent and literate labor for middle to long-term positions on their farms would be a huge hit.

17. Agrotourism

You could also offer a whole tourist experience at your farm where people can come visit and maybe even stay as part of a bed and breakfast type of experience.

18. Honey Business

You don’t need to have your own bee farm for you to start a honey supply business. You can source for and purchase honey in big jerry-cans from places like Makueni and sell in small quantities.

19. Firewood Production

If you have trees on your land, you could use sell the firewood to those who need it. Creating a long term sustainable business would depend on expanding the amount of land on which you can harvest trees and also systematic replenishment through continuous replanting.

20. Tree Seed Supply

You could also harvest seeds from different trees and sell them to people who want to plant new ones.

21. Agricultural Equipment Rental

If you have the capital to purchase farming or agriculture equipment, you could start a business where you rent or lease that equipment out to farmers.

22. Fruit juice-Jam-Jelly Production

Fruit juice-jam-jelly production business has the huge market opportunity. Most important thing is the production process is not that complex and can be initiated small-scale basis.

23. Fruits and Vegetables Export

An entrepreneur can start an export business of fresh fruits and vegetables by collecting them from local farmers. one can start this business from a home location only having a phone and computer with internet connection.

24. Florist

One of the very profitable agriculture business ideas. Having a retail space and connection with the flower growers one can start this business. An entrepreneur also can generate a substantial online sale by offering customers door-step delivery.

25. Worm Farming

Worm farming is another agribusiness that is suitable for enriching farm soil and also to supply animal protein for fishes reared in ponds. This is a one of the very good agribusiness ideas that isn’t being exploited.

Contact us

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