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Arterial hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a chronic medical condition characterized by elevated blood pressure in the arteries. It is a significant risk factor for several cardiovascular diseases, including heart attacks, strokes, and heart failure. Here is a concise summary of arterial hypertension:

Definition: Arterial hypertension refers to the persistent elevation of blood pressure in the arteries, which is measured by two values: systolic pressure (the pressure when the heart beats) and diastolic pressure (the pressure when the heart is at rest).

Classification: Hypertension is classified into two categories: primary (essential) hypertension, which has no identifiable cause, and secondary hypertension, which is a result of another underlying medical condition.

Risk Factors: Several factors contribute to the development of hypertension, including genetics, lifestyle choices (such as a high-sodium diet, lack of physical activity, and excessive alcohol consumption), obesity, stress, and certain chronic conditions like diabetes and kidney disease.

Symptoms: Hypertension is often asymptomatic, meaning that individuals may not experience any noticeable symptoms. In severe cases or during hypertensive crises, symptoms such as severe headache, shortness of breath, chest pain, and visual changes may occur.

Blood constituents:

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