25/12/2013
The Formulas of English Tenses
It is necessary to learn all tense forms by heart. The best way is to memorize them in the following formula: Personal pronoun + tense form (I write, he writes, we write, you write, etc.) Memorizing tense forms in such constructions will also help you to memorize basic agreement between the subject and predicate in person and number.
Необходимо выучить все временные формы наизусть. Лучше всего запоминать их в следующей формуле: Личное местоимение + временная форма (I write, he writes, we write, you write и т.д.) Запоминание временных форм в таких конструкциях поможет вам также запомнить базовое согласование подлежащего со сказуемым по лицу и числу.
The formulas of the tenses in the active
Two verbs are given below, one regular (work – worked – worked), the other irregular (write – wrote – written), in the tenses in the active voice. The most common tenses are marked with the plus sign (+).
Ниже даны два глагола, один правильный (work – worked – worked), другой неправильный (write – wrote – written), во временах в активном залоге. Наиболее употребительные времена отмечены знаком плюс (+).
+ Simple present
I / we / you / they work, write
he / she / it works, writes
+ Present continuous
I am working, am writing
he / she / it is working, is writing
we / you / they are working, are writing
+ Present perfect
I / we / you / they have worked, have written
he / she / it has worked, has written
+ Present perfect continuous
I / we / you / they have been working, have been writing
he / she / it has been working, has been writing
+ Simple past
I / he / she / it / we / you / they worked, wrote
+ Past continuous
I / he / she / it was working, was writing
we / you / they were working, were writing
Past perfect
I / he / she / it / we / you / they had worked, had written
Past perfect continuous
I / he / she / it / we / you / they had been working, had been writing
+ Simple future
I / he / she / it / we / you / they will work, will write
Future continuous
I / he / she / it / we / you / they will be working, will be writing
Future perfect
I / he / she / it / we / you / they will have worked, will have written
Future perfect continuous
I / he / she / it / we / you / they will have been working, will have been writing
The formulas of the tenses in the passive
Two verbs are given below, one regular (call – called – called), the other irregular (choose – chose – chosen), in the tenses in the passive voice. The most common tenses are marked with the plus sign (+). The perfect continuous tenses and the future continuous are generally not used in the passive.
Ниже даны два глагола, один правильный (call – called – called), другой неправильный (choose – chose – chosen), во временах в пассивном залоге. Наиболее употребительные времена отмечены знаком плюс (+). Времена группы perfect continuous и время future continuous обычно не употребляются в пассиве.
+ Simple present
I am called, am chosen
he / she / it is called, is chosen
we / you / they are called, are chosen
Present continuous
I am being called, am being chosen
he / she / it is being called, is being chosen
we / you / they are being called, are being chosen
+ Present perfect
I / we / you / they have been called, have been chosen
he / she / it has been called, has been chosen
+ Simple past
I / he / she / it was called, was chosen
we / you / they were called, were chosen
Past continuous
I / he / she / it was being called, was being chosen
we / you / they were being called, were being chosen
Past perfect
I / he / she / it / we / you / they had been called, had been chosen
+ Simple future
I / he / she / it / we / you / they will be called, will be chosen
Future perfect
I / he / she / it / we / you / they will have been called, will have been chosen
The Formulas of the Tenses in Charts
The formulas of the tenses are easier to memorize if they are arranged in a chart. The verb TAKE is irregular (take – took – taken).
Формулы времен легче запомнить, если они расположены в таблице. Глагол TAKE неправильный (take – took – taken).
Active voice
Simple
Continuous
Perfect
Perfect continuous
Present
I, we, you, they take
he, she, it takes
I am taking
he, she, it is taking
we, you, they are taking
I, we, you, they have taken
he, she it has taken
I, we, you, they have been taking
he, she it has been taking
Past
took
I, he, she, it was taking
we, you, they were taking
had taken
had been taking
Future
will take
will be taking
will have taken
will have been taking
Passive voice
Simple
Continuous
Perfect
Perfect continuous
Present
I am taken
he, she, it is taken
we, you, they are taken
I am being taken
he, she, it is being taken
we, you, they are being taken
I, we, you, they have been taken
he, she it has been taken
–
Past
I, he, she, it was taken
we, you, they were taken
I, he, she, it was being taken
we, you, they were being taken
had been taken
–
Future
will be taken
–
will have been taken