ICT & English for Honours & Degree

ICT & English for Honours & Degree =➤যদি লক্ষ্য থাকে অটুট,বিশ্বাস হৃদয়ে
হবেই হবেই দেখা,দেখা হবে বিজয়ে।

29/07/2026

Science related Paragraph
From the dawn of civilization to the present era, science has been a constant companion of human progress.So,science has made our life easy,comfortable and enjoyable. (topic name) is the best invention of science.It is the reflection of modern civilization.It gives a great use and service to mankind.It also provides a lot of facilities and enjoyment. We cannot think our life without (t.n).
It is like Aladin's magic lamp.It is becoming very popular in the country /world.It has linked up the distant parts of the world.It has made the work easier and finer. But it is a matter of sorrow that a big part of our people can not use it properly due to lack of knowledge. When we will be albe to ensure its use to everyone, then our overall progress will happen.Depending on its use it can be a blessing or a curse.
Therefore, science should be used wisely for the greater benefit of humanity.

16/07/2026

Topic Headline
Staff Reporter
The daily Sun
21 jun,2026,Kushtia, Bangladesh
(topic name) is creating serious problems in our society/ in our life/ in our country / in the world.It has become a highly discused and worring issue in the present time. It is very hermful and a severe curse.It also hampers our peaceful living.It disrupts directly or indirectly a country's economy and hinders normal life.There are various causes responsible behind this problem.The most remarkable causes for ( topic name) are people's unconsciousness, indifference, greed,illiteracy, injustice,lack of lule of law, lack of morality,lack of civic sense and lack of religious education etc. Various kinds of wnwise acts of human beings are mainly responsible for (t.n). Besides,most of the people of our country are poor and illiterate. They live from hand to mouth.Thus,they have no knowledge to judge what is right or wrong.Again,our political condition is getting worse day by day.It is an obstacle for the welfare of the society /country. The effects of (t.n) is very dangerous.It hampers our regular activities and destroys our time and property.It derives people towards poverty and mental anguish.It hinders the overall economic development of a country.In a word,it is a major threat for our existence.
People from all walks of life should be careful about this problem. Everyday of us must be concerned about the bad effect of (topic name).

Report Writing will be covered (Negative side)
Population problem/Food adulteration/Dowry system/Unemployment Problem /Traffic Jam/Load shedding /Natural Disaster/Gender Discrimination /Price Hike/ The danger of Drud Addiction /Students Politics/Eve teasing /Environment Pollution / Air Pollution /Water Pollution / Sound Pollution/Child Labour/Corruption /Violence/Campus Violence /Political Termoil/Hartal/ Militancy /Terrorism/ Global warming /Climate Change/ Green House Effects/Road Accident /Smoking/ Frustration /Tension/ Bad Temper/Anger/Selfiseness/Loneliness/Laziness/Idleness/Hostility/Ignorance /Illitaracy/Impatience /Stealing /Theft/Conspiracy /Egoism /Vanity/Falsehood /Greed/Flattery/Cheating /Disobedience /Brutality /Bribery/ Superstition / Acid throwing /Hijacking /Reckless Driving / Block Money/Anarcy.

16/07/2026

Report : Accident
DREADFUL.....ACCIDENT...DIED,...INJURED,NEAR.......By a staff Reporter
Place, Date: A terrible/deadful/ shocking accident took place yesterday at (ছাট জায়গা) in (বড় জায়গা) at about ( সময়). The accident occured between (১ম যান) and a (২য় যান). The ( ১ম যান ) was comming from (স্থান) and the ( ২য় যান) was coming from opposite direction /was panked by the roadside. Because of (কারণ), both the vehicles collided so fast that the ( ছোট যান) got out of shape. As a result, ( মৃত্যু সংখ্যা) persons died on the spot and(...) persons were Seriously injured. The local people immediately rushed to the stop and started rescue operation. The injured were taken to the nearest hospital for proper treatment. The police among fire service team rushed to the spot and took the situation under control.

16/07/2026

Cultural Programme in Kushtia Govt. College ,Kushtia
Staff Reporter
The daily Sun
21 jun,2026,Kushtia, Bangladesh
Kushtia govt. College arranged a ( Cultural programme) on the 21st jun, 2026.On
that day, the College was nicely decorated with colourful flowers and festoons. Honorable personalities were invited in the ( Programme name). The City mayor was the chief guest and the Principal was the president of the function.
The main function began with reciting from The holy Quran./ (singing the National Anthem. The chief guest as well as other guests hoisted the national flag and then) the chief guest declared the beginning of the programme.
The (Topic) was performed spontaneously with enjoyment./ Various kind of events were performed spontaneously with enjoyment.
The chief guest thanked us to arrange such a ( Topic).The function ended with a short speech from the principal. All the students, teachers and the other people enjoyed it very much.

Any Programme related such as Tree plantation, Blood donation, Cultural programme, Seminar, Anual Sports,Fruits Festival, Book Fair etc.

24/06/2026

Phrases :
Phrase হলো এমন কতগুলো শব্দগুচ্ছ বা Group of words যেখানে একইসাথে একটি Subject ও একটি Finite verb থাকে না।
Phrase: A book, a woman of beauty,one fine morning, I know "what to do".

Noun phrase
➤Verb এর Subject হিসাবে:
1. "An unknown person" called me.
2. "Our College" has a nice campus.
3. "My little daughter " looks cute.
4."To swin" is a good exercise.
5. "Swimming in the river" is good exercise.
➤ Verb এর Object হিসাবে:
1. I want "the red pen".
2. He likes " drawing pictures".
3.I know "what to do".
➤ Complement হিসাবে:
1. Mithila is "a beautiful girl".
2.My hobby is " to write poems/writing poems".
➤ Preposition এর object হিসাবে:
1. The book on "the table" is expensive.
2.I can't think of "your miserable condition".
3. I saw a man under " an umbrella".
➤ appositive হিসাবে:
1. Dr. Younus " The chief adviser" is a Nobel laureate of BD.
2. Russia "The biggest country of the world" is powerful.
➤It + be verb+ noun/adjective এর পরের group of words.
It is easy "to find fault with others".
It is a sin " to speak ill of others".
➤ PAD............PAVC এর মাঝের group of words হলে।There is no hard and fast rule in it.

[[[✪. It দ্বারা replace করা গেলে
✪.Preposition এর পরে group of words.
[[AND-----A= Article, N=noun, D=Determiner.
Determiner + noun = Some Students.
Possessive adjective + noun = my student Demonstrative pronoun + noun = this morning. Adjective + noun = good student.
Noun + noun = BD team
Article + noun = a student.
Article + adjective + noun = a good Student
Article + Adverb + Adjective + noun = a very good student
Noun + and + noun = students and teachers
Noun + of + noun = Students of BUET.]]
noun, noun phrase, noun clause, Infinitive, gerund, gerund phrase ও pronoun এই ৭ টি
noun এর মতো কাজ করে তাই এদেরকে noun এর যমজ ভাইও বলা যায়। অপশনে উল্লিখিত phrase ও noun Phrase থাকলে অবশ্যই noun phrase দাগাতে হবে। ]]]

Adjective phrase :
➤Noun এর পরে (participle এর ক্ষেত্রে আগে) preposition / V3 / (v + ing) / adjective দ্বারা শুরু হওয়া phrase = Adjective Phrase.
The man "with his brother" came here.
I saw a book "on the table".
The students " in the class" are my friends.
"With a phone in her hand" Rupa met me.
"Sitting on the bench",the boy started writing.
Teacher saw the student "sitting on the chair".
He gifted me a phone "made in china".
The lion " killed by the hunter" was weak.
He presented me a book "written in english".
➤Determiner ও noun এর মাঝে adjective phrase বসে।
➤Be verb এর পরে adjective দ্বারা শুরু হওয়া phrase adjective phrase.

➤ Noun+ Adjective
The boy honest in his work is my brother.
সকল Adj phrase কে Adj clause বানানো যায়। Adj phrase এ Subject ও verb দিলে তা Adj clause হয়ে যায়।
➤Noun +v3
The news published yesterday is true.
➤Noun + ( V + ing )
The girl wearing red shari is my sister.
The people living in village is poor.
➤Noun + preposition:
A woman "with a veil her body" approached the doctor.
➤Verbal phrase: একটার বেশি word - verb এর মতো কাজ করলে তাকে Verbal phrase / phrasal verb / group Verb বলে। Look into, Look for etc.
I look forword to meeting you. Raj Look for his car.

➤Adverbial phrase : Why,when,where,how তথা কিসে, কখন,কোথায়, কিভাবে প্রশ্নের উত্তরে হয় adverbial phrase.সাধারণত verb/adjective /adverb এর পরে এই phrase বসে। তবে tv এর ক্ষেত্রে object এর পরে বসে।
He came "to see me".
He can speak English " like an orator".
I am glad "to know your success".
Loudly "knowking at the door", he demanded admission.
They reached home " safe and sound".
He is " in the room".
Prepositional phrase:
Preposition দিয়ে শুরু ও preposition দিয়ে শেষ হলে তা 100% prepositional phrase.তবে preposition দিয়ে শুরু ও noun দিয়ে শেষ হলে ব্যবহার বা অবস্থানগত কারণে ইহা adjective phrase বা Adverbial phrase হয়ে যায়। preposition এর আগে noun থাকলে তা adjective phrase আর এর আগে verb/adjective থাকলে তথা noun না থাকলে তা adverbial phrase.
The man "in front of" me is my brother.
The man stood "in front of" me is my brother.
The man "in front of me" is my brother.
The man stood "in front of me" is my brother.
Here/There দ্বারা বাক্য শুরু হলে ঐ বাক্যে preposition এর আগে noun থাকলেও না adjective phrase না হয়ে adverbial phrase হয়।
There is a book "on the table".

➤Conjunctional phrase: Conjunction এর মতো কাজ করে। as soon as, as much as, as far as, and not, along with, togather with, not only.. but also, both.. and, either... or, neither nor, no sooner had... than.

➤Interjectional phrase: এটা Interjection এর মতো কাজ করে এবং (!) চিহ্ন শেষে থাকে।

➤Gerund phrase: It দ্বারা replace হলে তা noun phrase হবে। Walking is good for health=it is good for health.
➤Participle phrase:Participle phrase কে it দ্বারা replace করা যায় না। এটি বাক্যের শুরুতে বসলে এর পর কমা বসে।আর participle phrase এর আগে noun থাকলে তা adj phrase হয় আর না থাকলে হয় adv phrase.
The man came "riding a bike".
I have a boat "made of wood".
Verb + ing যুক্ত অংশে Subject থাকেনা তবে এর পর কমা থাকে এবং বাক্যের ২য় অংশের শুরুতেই Subject থাকে।
তবে এখানে অবশ্যই মনে রাখতে হবে যে বাক্যের ১ম অংশের কাজ যার দ্বারা হবে ২য় অংশের শুরুতে অবশ্যই সেই Subject আসবে।While going to class, I was bitten by a snake.
Loudly "knowking at the door", he demanded admission.

24/06/2026

Clause (বাক্যাংশ)
➤Principal / Independent/Main Clause : স্বাধীনভাবে অর্থ প্রকাশ করতে পারে।Assertive, interrogative or imperative হতে পারে।এই clause অনুযায়ী বাক্যের শেষে চিহ্ন বসে।
➤Sub-ordinate/ Dependent /Embedded Clause : Principal clause এর উপর নির্ভরশীল। এই clause এর গঠন সর্বদাই assertive হয়,অর্থাৎ sub+verb+...হয়।প্রথমে sub-ordinate আসলে তারপর কমা বসে।
Subordinate conjunction দ্বারা যুক্ত sentence কে
subordinate clause/complex sentence বলে।
➤Co-ordinate clause : Co-ordinate conjunction /semi-colon (;) দ্বারা যুক্ত clause কে co-ordinate clause / compound sentence বলে। Co-ordinate conjunction দ্বারা ২ টি principal clause যুক্ত হয়।
FAN BOYES ----F = for ( কারণ), A = and, N= Nor, Nevertheless,, not only...but also,B = But, O = or, otherwise, Y= yet, E= else (অন্যথায়), S = So/therefore.
Our car moved slowly, for visibility was poor in the fog.
It is simple to be happy, but it is difficult to be simple.
I wanted to go,but I felt too ill.
I wrote to her but got no reply.
Walk fast, else you will miss the train.
He didnot study well; therefore, he failed.
I came, I saw and I won.
God made the country, and man the town.
He cannot speak, nor can he write.
Man proposes; God disposes.
I agree with your reasoning, but I reject your conclusions.
Do or die.
She has many shortcomings, yet I love her.
Do; otherwise, you will die.
Neither a borrower nor a lender be. (Neither be a borrower nor be a lender)
Temperance promotes health, intemperance destroys it.
(উল্লেখ্য FANBOYES এর পরে subject থাকলে এর আগে কমা বসে আর sub উহ্য থাকলে আগে কমা বসে না)
FAN BOYES / Co-ordinate conjonction
ব্যতীত অন্যান্য সকল conjunction ই Sub-ordinate conjunction.
Relative pronoun : Who,whom,whose,which,what,that,
such/the same....as,but(who doesn't)
Relative Adverb : why,where,when,how
Sub-ordinate conjunction:
so that, in order that, as, since, because, if, in case, till, untill, unless, as if,though, although while,before,after,lest,than,whereas,whether..or,as soon as.... etc.এগুলো দ্বারা Sub-ordinate clause হয়।

noun clause:
সাধারণত it দ্বারা replace করে বাক্য অর্থপূর্ণ মনে হলেই তা noun clause. Wh's,that,if/whether (কি...না অর্থে) subject বা oboject স্থলে থাকে এবং it দ্বারা replace হয়। তবে so that, in order that, as, while, till,untill, এর ক্ষেত্রে it দ্বারা replace করা যাবে মনে হলেও তা adverbial clause হবে।
He reads "so that he may pass the exam."
Strike "while the iron is hot."
Do "as I told you."
Wait "untill i come back."
➤ Verb এর subject হিসাবে :
What you say is known to all.
That he has stolen the pen is clear.
Why he has done this is mysterious.
➤ Verb এর object হিসাবে :
I know that you say.
I know that he has done the work.
He asked me whether I would help him.
➤ Preposition এর object হিসাবে :
I am sure of who you are.
He informed me of that he would help me.
listen to what say.
He has come from where I worked.
➤ Subject এর complement হিসাবে :
It is how we solve.
The question is how he responds.
This is what I say.
That is why I came early.
The fact is that he stole the pen.
➤ Object এর complement হিসাবে :
Wa made Leader who is the topper of our class.
➤ Adjective এর complement হিসাবে :
I am sure that he is honest.
➤ Noun/pronoun Apposition :
The news that he is died is false.(n/c)
The news "that he gave me is false." (a/c)
There is a rumor that he has left the country.(n/c)
The news "that he died yesterday" is false.(n/c)
The news"that he heard yesterday" is false.(a/c)
The rule"that people don’t come here" must be obeyed.(n/c)
The rule"that they declared" must be obeyed.(a/c)
➤It + be verb +noun/ adjective এর পরে noun clause / phrase হয়।
It is a mystery "where he lives."
It is clear"that she does not have a sound preparation."

Adjective clause :
Adjective সাধারণত noun এর আগে এবং linking / be verb এর পরে বসে।কিন্তু adjective clause সর্বদাই noun এর পরে বসে। adjective clause এর পূর্বে antecedent থাকে।এক্ষেত্রে Relative pronoun এর subject / object / possessive form ব্যবহৃত হয় বা preposition এর object হিসাবে বসে।
This is the boy who stood fast.
I bought a pen which was black.
The shirt that was bought was costly.
This is the book which I bought yesterday.
The flat in which they live in is gorgious.
The man to whom I gave the news is very reliable.
He has a house which colour is white.
The boy whose pen was lost was poor.
There is none but wishes to be happy.
আবার relative adverb ও antecedent হিসাবে ব্যবহৃত হয়।
I know the place where he lives.
The same....as/that ও such...as ও adjective clause হিসাবে ব্যবহৃত হয়।
This is the same book as / that I lost.
We want such boys as are honest.
Adverbial Clause: [কোন Sub-ordinate clause এর শুরুতে যদি As, since, because, though, although, as if, as though, till, until unless, if (যদি অর্থে) in case, while, after, before, lest, whereas, once, as soon as,as much as, as long as, as far as, so long as, in order that, so that, so.. that, now that, provided, by the time এই Sub-ordinate conjunctions গুলোর যে কোন একটি থাকে, ঐ Sub- ordinate clause টি সাধারণত Adverbial clause হয়]
Handsome is as handsome does (Adverbial clause)
Do as I tell you. (Adverbial clause)
Behave how I tell you (how এখানে as অর্থে বসেছে)
Look before you leap. (Adverbial clause)
If he comes, I will go. (Adverbial clause)
He is so weak that he cannot walk (Adverbial clause so. that)
Strike while the iron is hot (Adverbial clause)
He has been happy since she came (Adverbial clause)
Because I was unprepared for the test, I did not take it. (Adverbial clause) Call me if you have any problem regarding your work (Adverbial clause)
I shall help you provided you obey me. (Adverbial clause)
He earns twice as much as I do. (Adverbial clause)
He runs faster than you do. (Adverbial clause)
Though I admire your reasoning. I reject your conclusion (Adv. c)

In a brief.........
Wh words, that, if /whether ( কি..না অর্থে ) দ্বারা শুরু clause কে it দ্বারা replace করা গেলে তা noun clause.
He asked me "if/whether i would go or not."
He asked me "if I was there."
Ask"if he is at home."
Be verb এর আগে ও পরে what প্রশ্নের উত্তরে।
preposition এর পরে এবং
It + be verb + adjective/ noun এর পরে noun clause হয়।
It is a mystery "where he lives."
It is clear"that she does not have a sound preparation."

Relative pronoun / Relative adverb এর পূর্বে noun / pronoun থাকলে তা adjective clause.
অর্থাৎ clause marker এবং তার আগের word একই জিনিস হলে adjective clause আর ভিন্ন জিনিস হলে adverbial clause.
This is the place where I went ( adj. c)
Relative pronoun এর পূর্বে noun / pronoun থাকলেও অথবা ক্ষেত্রবিশেষ it দ্বারা replace করা যাবে মনে হলেও ঐ clause দ্বারা কারণ / উদ্দেশ্য (cause / purpose)
বুঝালে তা adverbial clause হয়।
My father who is ill cannot come.
I bought a cat which would kill the rats.

24/06/2026

Inversion+Agreement+Parallelism...
বাক্যে subject এর পূর্বে verb ব্যবহৃত হওয়াকে Inversion of verb বলে।
➤Negative adverb + Auxiliary verb +Subject+ main verb + Extension.
Negative adverb: Hardly, Rarely,barely Scarcely,Seldom, Very seldom, Never,never again, Never before, No sooner, No where, Neither, Nor, Little etc.
No where will you find such a country.
Seldom do we have goods returned to us because they are faulty.
Never will I do it again.
➤Only + adverb / preposition অথবা prepositional phrase + auxiliary verb +Sub+ main verb + extension.
Only after, only later, only once, only rarely, only now, recently, only then, only when, only until, At no time, By no means, In no way, On no account, Under in, no circumtances,only by, only then, only with......
Only after her death was I able to appreciate her.
Only in this way did I complete the book on time. Only by chance had I got back my bicycle.
Only by shouting was he able to make himself.
Only once did I go there.
At no time did they break the rules of the game.
On no account must this switch be touched.
Under no circumtances are passengers permitted to open the doors themselves
no circumtances should you leave your lagguage unattended.
➤ So+ adjective /adverb +Auxiliary verb+ Subject+ Principal verb +Extension
So suspicious did he become that he didn't believe even his close friends.
......................................................................

Affirmative & Negative Agreement :
➤Subject+ positive verb +...+ and + so + auxiliary verb Subject
She took pictures, and so did I.
He is hard working and so am I.
➤Subject+ positive verb +...+and+ Subject+ auxiliary verb +too/also
She took pictures, and I did too/also.
N.B. auxiliary verb টি সর্বদাই প্রথম verb এর tense অনুযায়ী ও দ্বিতীয় subject অনুযায়ী হয়।

➤Subject+ verb (negative) +...+ and neither/nor + auxiliary verb +Subject
I did not know the answer, and neither/nor did he.
He does not like vegetables,neither do I.
➤Subject+ verb (negative) +...+and+subject+ auxiliary verb +not +either
I did not know the answer, and he did not either.
N.B. auxiliary verb টি সর্বদাই প্রথম verb এর tense অনুযায়ী ও দ্বিতীয় subject অঅনুযায়ী হয়।...........................................................................
Parallelism কী:
কোন বাক্য conjunction (and, but, or, as well as, than, so, is, either...or, neither....nor, not only... but also etc.) দ্বারা যুক্ত হলে, conjunction-গুলোর আগে ও পরে সমজাতীয় noun / pronoun / adjective/verb/adverb/ infinitive বসে। এটিই মূলত parallelism
Incorrect : Fahim is a scholar, an athlete and artistic
Correct: Fahim is a scholar, an athlete and an artistic.
They like walking as well as skiing.
They like walking and skiing.
Incorrect: I usually go fishing or doing something on Friday.
Correct : I usually go fishing or do something on Friday.
Incorrect: In an admission test, to answer correctly is more important than finish quickly.
Correct:In an admission test, to answer correctly is more important than to finish quickly.
1. "Than" যখন conjunction হয়, তখন উভয় পাশে সমজাতীয় tense হয়।
He is better than I am.
She was better than I was.
"Than" preposition হতে পারে, যদি "than"-এরপরে subject এর object form হয়।
He is better than me.
I was better than him.
Incorrect:Riding a bicycle is similar to drive a car
Correct:Riding a bicycle is similar to driving a car.
Incorrect: Seeing is to believe.
Correct: Seeing is believing.
Note: Gerund+be verb+Gerund
Incorrect: To see is believing.
Correct :To see is to believe.
Note: Infinitive+be verb+infinitive
Incorrect : Shela likes me more than he.
Correct: Shela likes me more than him.
Incorrect: I am interested in both plants and animal.
Correct: I am interested in both plants and animals.
Incorrect: Either you or him did the task.
Correct :Either you or he did the task. ...............................................................................

Embedded Question:
WH word দ্বারা কোন বাকো embedded question (বাক্যের মাঝে প্রশ্ন) থাকলে, WH শব্দের পরে subject + verb বসে। কারণ Sub-ordinate clause কখনোই interrogative হয় না, সর্বদাই assertive sentence এ হয়ে থাকে।বাক্যের প্রথমে Auxiliary verb থাকলে বাক্যের শেষে প্রশ্নবোধক চিহ্ন (?) বসে। অন্য সকল ক্ষেত্রে বাক্যের শেষে ফুলস্টপ বসে।
Did you ask the man what his name was?
Do you know where he lives?
I don't understand what the person is talking about.
Tell me why you went there.
Do you know who he is?
Between whom was the battle fought?
.............................................................................

Dangling Modifier:
➤ Present participle +
Incorrect: Walking in the park, a snake bit him.
Correct : Walking in the park, he was bitten by a snake.
➤ Past participle +-----
Incorrect: Excited to learn English, YouTube Video lessons watched by me.
Correct : Excited to learn English, I watched YouTube Video lessons.
➤ Perfect participle (having+v3) +-----.
Incorrect: Having arrived late for practice, a written excuse needed by the captain.
Correct : Having arrived late for practice, the captain needed a written excuse.
➤ Preposition verb + ing +
Incorrect: After jumping of a boat, the shark bite the man.
Correct: After jumping of a boat, the man was bitten by the shark.

REDUNDANCY

Redundancy শব্দের অর্থ হচ্ছে অপ্রয়োজনীয়তা, গুরুচন্ডালী বা শব্দবাহুল্য দোষে দুষ্ট। বাক্যে অনাবশ্যক শব্দের পুনরাবৃত্তি। অথবা, বাক্যে প্রয়োজন নেই এমন শব্দের ব্যবহারকেই Redundancy বলে। Redundancy দুইভাবে হতে পারে।

1. একই অর্থপ্রকাশ করে এমন একাধিক word/phrase এর পূনরাবৃত্তি।
➤ Await এর অর্থ wait for তাই Await (কারো জন্য কোন কিছুর জন্য অপেক্ষা করা) এর সাথে for বসে না।
➤ Revert এর অর্থ go back তাই Revert (ফিরে যাওয়া, ফিরিয়ে দেওয়া) এর সাথে back বসে না।
➤ Return এর অর্থ go back, come back তাই Return (ফিরে আসা, ফিরে যাওয়া) এর সাথে back বনে না।
➤ Conclusion এর অর্থ final decision তাই Conclusion (চূড়ান্ত ফলাফল/সিদ্ধান্ত) এর সাথে final বসে না।
➤ Restore এর অর্থ Bring back তাই Restore (পূর্বাবস্থায় ফিরিয়ে আনা) এর সাথে back বসে না।
➤ Advance এর অর্থ Go/Move/forward তাই Advance (সামনে এগিয়ে যাওয়া) এর সাথে forward বসে না।
➤ Join এর অর্থ Stick together, Fasten together তাই Join ((একসাথে) যুক্ত করা] এর সাথে together বসে না
➤ Dictionary এর অর্থ Phrase book, word book তাই Dictionary এর সাথে book ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
➤ Innovation এর অর্থ (the use of) a new idea/ method তাই Innovation এর সাথে new ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
➤ Matinee এর অর্থ performance afternoon of a play, a film show of a film/movie তাই Matinee (সিনেমা বা থিয়েটারের বৈকালিক প্রদর্শনী, ম্যাটিনি শো) এর সাথে performance ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
➤ Invention এর অর্থ New design/existence তাই Invention এর সাথে new ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
➤ Lodging এর অর্থ Temporary housing তাই Lodging এর সাথে house এর ব্যবহার অপ্রয়োজনীয়।
➤ Twin এর অর্থ one of two children born to the same mother at the same time অথবা one of two
very similar things তাই Twin (জমজ/জোড়ার একটি) এর সাথে two ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
➤ Better এর অর্থ comparatively well তাই Better (তুলনামূলকভাবে ভালো) এর সাথে comparatively বসে না।
➤ Proceed, Progress, Prosper এর সাথে forward ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
Period (a length of time) এর সাথে time হয় না। Compete এর সাথে together ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
Discover এর সাথে new এর ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
Cousin এর সাথে brother/sister ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
Sufficient এর সাথে enough ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
Back এর সাথে side ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
Refer এর সাথে back ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
United এর সাথে together ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
Combine এর সাথে together ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
Renew এর সাথে again ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
Entire এর সাথে whole ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
Nearly এর সাথে almost ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
Same এর সাথে identical ব্যবহৃত হয় না।
Reason এর সাথে because ব্যবহৃত হয় না।

2. বাক্যে প্রয়োজন নেই এমন word/phrase এর ব্যবহার। যেমন: Answer (reply to, respond to, উত্তর
দেয়া, জবাব দেয়া), Approach (come near to, নিকটবর্তী হওয়া, কাছাকাছি আসা), discuss (talk about,আলোচনা করা), recommend (সুপারিশ করা), order (আদেশ করা, চাওয়া), emphasize (গুরুত্ব দেয়া), enter (go into, ভেতরে ঢোকা, প্রবেশ করা), investigate (look into, তদন্ত করা), meet (be familiar with, দেখা করা / হওয়া), paint (cover with colour, রং করা), reach home (arrive at, পৌছানো), resemble (be similar to অনুরূপ হওয়া), resign (give up a job, পদত্যাগ করা), violate (go againat a law/an agreement, offend against, লংঘন করা) এরা transitive verb বিধায় এদের পরে কোন preposition বসে না। তাই এদের পরে কোন preposition ব্যবহার করলে শব্দবাহুল্য দোষে দুষ্ট হবে। কিন্তু এদের noun form এর পরে preposition বসে
I want to discuss the matter with you.
I have a discussion about the matter with you.
He resembles his father.
The two brothers show resemblance to each other.
Please answer my question.
His answer to my question was quite wrong.
Incorrect: He is entering into the room.
Correct: He is entering the room.
Enter + into হতে পারে, যা দ্বারা চুক্তি (agreement, engagement) করা বোঝায়।
যেমন: Recently I have entered into an agreement.
Incorrect: I will discuss about the matter.
Correct: I will discuss the matter.
Incorrect: I will meet with you.
Correct: I will meet you.
কোন বিশেষ ঘটনার মুখোমুখি বোঝাতে- "meet + with" বসে। যেমন: The man met with prejudice.
Incorrect: He ordered for a cup of tea.
Correct: He ordered a cup of tea.
Incorrect: This is painted in green.
Correct: This is painted green.
Incorrect: l await for you.
Correct: I await you.
Correct: I wait for you.
Incorrect: He has resigned from the post.
Correct He has resigned the post.
Incorrect: He resembles to his father.
Correct He resembles his father.
Incorrect: I want to go to abroad.
Correct I want to go abroad. (তবে go + to + নির্দিষ্ট স্থানের নাম হলে preposition বসে।)

Incorrect: He answered to my question.
Correct:He answered my question.
Incorrect: They have investigated against me
Correct: They have investigated me.

➤ যে preposition গুলোর ভুল ব্যবহারে Redundancy হয়ে থাকে-
entering into
discuss about
meet with
ordered for
painted in
await for
resigned from
resemble to
go to abroad
answered to
investigate against
Join in/to
with bag and baggage
with heart and soul

Resemblance এবং Answer "noun" হিসেবে ব্যবহার হলে, তারপরে preposition "to" বসতে পারে।
incorrect: They have shown resemblance each other.
correct: They have shown resemblance to each other.
incorrect: It refers answer the question No-01.
correct: It refers answer to the question No-01.

23/04/2026

Pronoun

Noun এর পরিবর্তে বসে বলে pronoun কে Substituting word বলা হয়।

Subject/object হিসাবে pronoun বসে। অন্য কোন position এ বসতে পারে না। তবে Reflexive/ Reciprocal pronoun কখনোই Subject হিসাবে বসে না।

Sequence of pronoun: 231+ plural verb, তবে দোষস্বীকার 123 (options 123 না থাকলে 132)

Subjective form বসে:

➤ মূল verb এর আগে। My brother and I did it.
➤ Be verb এর আগে ও পরে। I wish I were he.
It is we who did it.
➤ As ও than এর পরে।
He is as tall as I. He is taller than I.
➤ Either.. or, neither.... nor, not only....but also, none but এর পরে। None but he could do it.
Neither Rahim nor I have dane the work.

Pronoun এর object form বসে:

➤ মূল Verb এর পরে তথা Object এর স্থলে।
The teacher told him and me to leave.
➤ Preposition এর পরে। There is no difference between you and me.
please listen to me.
➤ Let এর পরে। Let me go outside.
➤ Infinitive / ing যুক্ত verb এর পরে।
They wanted to help her.
seeing him,I became inspired.

➤ Than এর পরে possessive pronoun বসে।
My pen is better than yours.
➤ One বাক্যের Subject হলে possessive- one's হয়।
One should obey one's parents.

Fraction, perccentage, MAHRB SP+of এর পরের noun/pronoun অনুযায়ী verb বসে।
M = many of, most of majority of, minority of.
A=all of, a lot of
H = Half of, R = Rest of
B=Both of
Several of, Parts of
এগুলো ব্যতীত প্রায় সকল ক্ষেত্রেই preposition এর পূর্বের Subject (noun/pronoun) অনুযায়ী verb বসে।

➤ ONE of + noun/pronoun (plural) + verb/possessive (singular).

O= One of, not one of
N= neither of
E= each of, Either of, each one of..
One of his friends has done his womework.

➤ Every, any, no,some [body/one/ thing] এর পরে verb/possessive Singular হয়।
তবে tag question এ, ব্যক্তির ক্ষেত্রে they, বস্তুর ক্ষেত্রে it হয়।
➤ Relative pronoun তার পূর্ববর্তী antecedent এর number ও person অনুযায়ী verb গ্রহন করে।
antecedent- singular হলে এর পরবর্তী verb -singular হয় আর plural হলে verb - plural হয়।

যদি Relative pronoun এর পূর্বে noun/pronoun থাকে তাহলে নির্দিষ্টতা বুঝায় এবং who/whom ব্যবহৃত হয়।
আর noun/pronoun না থাকলে অনির্দিষ্টতা বুঝায় এবং whoever/whomever ব্যবহৃত হয়।

who/whom যুক্ত বাক্যে subject ও verb (finite) এর সংখ্যা সমান হলে whom বসে আর subject এর চেয়ে verb বেশি হলে who বসে।এক্ষেত্রে সাধারণত সর্বশেষ verb এর আগে subject আছে কি না তা দেখতে হবে।
Who /whom do you think came late? (who)
Who/whom do you think she saw? (whom)
I know the man who/whom you said was a spy (who)
He is the man who/ whom I know you can trust. (whom)

That - ব্যক্তি ও বস্তু উভয়ের পরিবর্তে।
Who শুধু ব্যক্তির পরিবর্তে বসে ( subject হিসাবে)
Who এর object হলো whom.
What শুধু বস্তুর পরিবর্তে বসে।
Which- বস্তু বা ইতর প্রাণীর পরিবর্তে বসে।
Whose +noun যার অর্থে (possessive adjective).
Such/the same এর পরে Relative pornoun "as" বসে।

23/04/2026

Important Rules of Correction

➤ sentence-এর মাঝে Wh-word আসলে এর পরবর্তী clause-টি assertive হয় তথা ( Sub + verb +obj) হয়।
Incorrect: Do you know where does he live?
correct : Do you know where he lives?
Incorrect: Can you tell when will he come?
Correct: Can you tell when he will come?
Incorrect: Did he tell what was he doing?
Correct: Did he tell what he was doing?
➤'One'-কোন বাক্যের subjet হলে possessive adjective 'one's হবে, 'his' হবে না।
Incorrect: One should-learn his lessons.
correct : One should learn one's lessons.
➤ Senior, junior, inferior, superice, prefer, prior-এর পর comparative degree-কে than না বসে to বসে।
Incorrect: Bidhan is senior than Rohan.
Correct : Bidhan is senior to Rohan.
Incorrect I prefer reading than writing
Correct: I prefer reading to writing.
➤দুটি জিনিসের মধ্যে তুলনা বুঝালে comparative degree-তে than-এর পরে that of বা those of বসে। উল্লেখ্য, singular subject-এর ক্ষেত্রে that of এবং plural subject-এর ক্ষেত্রে those of বসে।
Incorrect: This pen is better than her
Correct: This pen is better than that of her pen.
Incorrect: The fishes of Barishal are better than Satkhira
Correct :The fishes of Barishal are better than those of Satkhira.
➤Point of time-এর পূর্বে since এবং period of time-এর পূর্বে for বলে। Point of time বলতে কাজ শুরুর সময় নির্দিষ্ট করে বুঝায় এবং period of time বলতে কাজ শুরুর সময়টি অনির্দিষ্ট করে বুঝায়।
Incorrect. It has been raining since two days.
correct : It has been raining for two days.
Incorrect: He has been reading for monday.
Correct: He has been reading since monday.
➤Sentence-এ একই অর্থবোধক দুটি শব্দ comparative word বা সম অর্থবোধক দুটি word পাশাপাশি বসে না।
Incorrect: He is comparatively better today
Correct : He is comparatively well today. (Or, He is better today.)
Incorrect: The reason of our backwardness is due to corruption.
Correct : The reason for our backwardness is corruption.
➤ avail of, absent from,pride on, enjoy ইত্যাদি verb-এর পর subject অনুযায়ী reflexive pronoun বসে।
Incorrect. He availed the opportunity.
Correct : He availed himself of the opportunity.
Incorrect : Rana absented from the class.
Correct : Rana absented himself from the class.
➤ 1st,2nd & 3rd person একসাথে আসলে ২৩১ ক্রমানুযায়ী বসে।তবে দোষ স্বীকার করলে ১২৩ বসে।
You,he and I are friends.
I,you and he are responsible for this.
➤ PANI এর আগে Subject BON এর পরের subject অনুযায়ী verb বসে।
P=preposition,
A = As well as, and not, and no, along with, accompanied by/with,(with/together with)
N=Not, but not
I = in addition to, including to (excluding to).
[as well as, with, along with, together with]

BON=----but also,----or,-----nor.
[B=not only...but also,E=Either...or,N=Neither..nor]
BON=এগুলোর পরের subject অনুযায়ী verb বসে।
➤ Let এর পর pronoun এর object form বসে।
তবে As ও than এর পরে subject form বসে।
➤ Headache এর পূর্বে article বসে। I have a headache.
➤ সত্য বলার ক্ষেত্রে speak আর মিথ্যা বলার ক্ষেত্রে tell হয়।
➤ কাউকে কোন নামে ডাকা অর্থে told না হয়ে called হয়।
They called me fool.
➤ Liar/fool এর ক্ষেত্রে call হয়।
He called me a liar/fool.
➤ প্রার্থনা বোঝাতে tell না হয়ে say হয়।
Always speak the truth,never tell a lie.
➤ Mood বা মনের অবস্থা বোঝাতে mind না spirits হয়।
I am out of spirits today.
➤ পাগল হয়ে যাওয়া বোঝাতে become crazy/mad না হয়ে go crazy / go mad হয়।
He has gone crazy/mad.
➤ Regard এর পরে as বসে,consider এ বসে না।
I regard him as a rogue.
➤ কোন কিছু করতে অস্বীকার করা refuse আর সত্য অস্বীকার করা অর্থে deny হয়।
He refuse to work with me.
➤ থাকা জিনিস খুঁজে পাওয়া Discover আর নতুন কিছু উদ্ভাবন অর্থে invent হয়।
Alfred Nobel invented dynamite.
➤ Die of (রোগে মরা),die by (দুর্ঘটনায় মরা),die for( দেশের জন্য মরা) He died for the country.
➤ বিল্ডিংয়ের উপর/ নীচ তলা বুঝাতে Upstairs/downstairs হয়।
Do you know who lives upstairs?
➤ সঠিক সময়(কাঁটায় কাঁটায়)বোঝাতে on time ব্যবহৃত হয়।
The train is running on time.
➤ ব্যাক্তি ঝুলানো বা ফাঁসি দেওয়া Hanged, বস্তু - Hung হয়।
Know / learn / teach এর পর how + infinitive হয়।
➤ পরীক্ষা দেওয়া take an exam/sit for exam বসে give না।
He is taking his BA exam this year.
➤ লেখার মাধ্যম বোঝাতে write in ink হয় কিন্তু pen/marker উল্লেখ থাকলে write with pen/marker হয়।
➤ টেবিল/ডেস্ক এ বসা sit at হয় কিন্তু চেয়ার/ব্যাঞ্চ/সোফায় বসা বোঝাতে sit on বসে।
➤ Here/there/home/abroad এর পূর্বে to বসে না।
He went abroad last year.
➤ Discuss/resign/resemble/violate/investigate /meet/join/order এর পরে preposition বসে না।

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