İqtisadiyyat - Экономика - Economy

İstiqrazı alan və ya borcalan (dövlət/ şirkət) investora müəyyən olunmuş vaxt çərçivəsində kupon adlandırılan faiz və nominal məbləğ adlandırılan əsas borcun məbləğini ödəyir.
indebtedness of the bond issuer to the holders. The most common types of bonds include municipal bonds and corporate bonds.

The bond is a debt security, under which the issuer owes the holders a debt and (depending on the terms of the bond) is obliged to pay them interest (the coupon) or to repay the principal at a later date, termed the maturity date. Interest is usually payable at fixed intervals (semiannual, annual, sometimes monthly).

İstiqraz müəyyən müddətə geri ödənilmək şərtilə alınan və sahibinə nominal dəyərin müəyyən faiz nisbətində gəlir götürmək hüququ verən borc qiymətli kağızdır. İstiqrazlar əsasən faizli və faizsiz (diskontlu) olmaqla dövlət və korporativ istiqrazlara bölünür.

In finance, a bond is an instrument of indebtedness of the bond issuer to the holders. The most common types of bonds include municipal bonds and corporate bonds. The bond is a debt security, under which the issuer owes the holders a debt and (depending on the terms of the bond) is obliged to pay them interest (the coupon) or to repay the principal at a later date, termed the maturity date. Interest is usually payable at fixed intervals (semiannual, annual, sometimes monthly).

Procter & Gamble - Mərkəzi ABŞ-da yerləşən təmizləyici vasitələr və şəxsi qayğı məhsulları istehsalı ilə məşğul olan şirkətdir. P&G-nin mərkəzi qərargahı Amerika Birləşmiş Ştatlarının Ohayo ştatının Sinsinnati şəhərində yerləşir. Şirkətin əsası 1837-ci ildə Böyük Britaniyadan olan sərmayeçilər Uilyam Prokter və Ceyms Qembl tərəfindən qoyulmuşdur. Fəaliyyətə başladığı ilk illərdən təmizləyici vasitələr və şəxsi qayğı məhsulları istehsalı ilə məşğul olan şirkət zamanla fəaliyyət sferasını genişləndirmiş və istehsal etdiyi məhsulların çeşidini artırmışdır. Chief Executive Magazine jurnalının apardığı araşdırmalardan sonra P&G liderlik bacarıqlarının inkişaf etdirilməsi üçün ən yaxşı 40 şirkətdən biri seçilmişdir.

Candlemaker William Procter born in the United Kingdom and soapmaker James Gamble born in Ireland, emigrated from England and Ireland, respectively. They settled in Cincinnati initially and they married sisters, Olivia and Elizabeth Norris. Alexander Norris, their father-in-law, called a meeting in which he persuaded his new sons-in-law to become business partners. On October 31, 1837, as a result of the suggestion, Procter & Gamble was created.
Procter & Gamble Co., also known as P&G, is an American consumer goods corporation headquartered in downtown Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America, founded in 1837 by William Procter and James Gamble. It primarily specializes in a wide range of cleaning agents, personal care and hygienics products. Before the sale of Pringles to the Kellogg Company, its product portfolio also included foods, snacks and beverages.
David Taylor is the current president and CEO of Procter & Gamble.

Boeing is the world's largest aerospace company and leading manufacturer of commercial jetliners and defense, space and security systems. As America’s biggest manufacturing exporter, the company supports airlines and U.S. and allied government customers in more than 150 countries. Boeing products and tailored services include commercial and military aircraft, satellites, weapons, electronic and defense systems, launch systems, advanced information and communication systems, and performance-based logistics and training.
With corporate offices in Chicago, Boeing employs approximately 150,000 people across the United States and in more than 65 countries. This represents one of the most diverse, talented and innovative workforces anywhere. Our enterprise also leverages the talents of hundreds of thousands more skilled people working for Boeing suppliers worldwide.
Commercial Airplanes
Boeing has been the premier manufacturer of commercial jetliners for decades. Today, the company manufactures the 737, 747, 767, 777 and 787 families of airplanes and the Boeing Business Jet range. New product development efforts include the Boeing 787-10 Dreamliner, the 737 MAX, and the 777X. More than 10,000 Boeing-built commercial jetliners are in service worldwide, which is almost half the world fleet. The company also offers the most complete family of freighters, and about 90 percent of the world’s cargo is carried onboard Boeing planes.
Defense, Space & Security
Defense, Space & Security (BDS) is a diversified, global organization providing leading solutions for the design, production, modification and support of military fixed-wing aircraft, rotorcraft, weapons, and satellite systems, among others. It helps customers address a host of requirements through a broad portfolio that includes the 702 family of satellites; AH-64 Apache helicopter; cyber security; EA-18G electronic attack aircraft; KC-46 aerial refueling aircraft, which is based on the Boeing 767 commercial airplane; and the P-8 anti-submarine/anti-surface warfare aircraft, which is based on the 737 commercial jet. Driven by its ability to provide customers with the right solutions, at the right time, and at the right cost, BDS is seeking ways to better leverage information technologies and continues to invest in the research and development of enhanced capabilities and platforms.

SWOT – Strengths (güclü tərəflər), Weaknesses (zəif tərəflər), Opportunities (imkanlar) və Threats (təhlükələr) sözlərinin qısaldılmış formasıdır. Strateji planlaşdırmanı isə 1963-cü ildə Harvard universitetinin professoru Kenneth Andrews tərəfindən yaradılmış SWOT təhlil vasitəsi ilə yarada bilərsiniz.

DUNYA OLKELERININ PUL VAHIDLERI / LIST OF COUNTRIES AND CURRENCIES

Afghanistan Afghani
Albania Lek
Algeria Dinar
Andorra Euro
Angola New Kwanza
Antigua and Barbuda East Caribbean dollar
Argentina Peso
Armenia Dram
Australia Australian dollar
Austria Euro (formerly schilling)
Azerbaijan Manat
Bahamas Bahamian dollar
Bahrain Bahrain dinar
Bangladesh Taka
Barbados Barbados dollar
Belarus Belorussian ruble
Belgium Euro (formerly Belgian franc)
Belize Belize dollar
Benin CFA Franc
Bhutan Ngultrum
Bolivia Boliviano
Bosnia and Herzegovina Marka
Botswana P**a
Brazil Real
Brunei Brunei dollar
Bulgaria Lev
Burkina Faso CFA Franc
Burundi Burundi franc
Cambodia Riel
Cameroon CFA Franc
Canada Canadian dollar
Cape Verde Cape Verdean escudo
Central African Republic CFA Franc
Chad CFA Franc
Chile Chilean Peso
China Yuan/Renminbi
Colombia Colombian Peso
Comoros Franc
Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congolese franc
Congo, Republic of CFA Franc
Costa Rica Colón
Côte d'Ivoire CFA Franc
Croatia Kuna
Cuba Cuban Peso
Cyprus Cyprus pound
Czech Republic Koruna
Denmark Krone
Djibouti Djibouti franc
Dominica East Caribbean dollar
Dominican Republic Dominican Peso
East Timor U.S. dollar
Ecuador U.S. dollar
Egypt Egyptian pound
El Salvador Colón; U.S. dollar
Equatorial Guinea CFA Franc
Eritrea Nakfa
Estonia Kroon
Ethiopia Birr
Fiji Fiji dollar
Finland Euro (formerly markka)
France Euro (formerly French franc)
Gabon CFA Franc
Gambia Dalasi
Georgia Lari
Germany Euro (formerly Deutsche mark)
Ghana Cedi
Greece Euro (formerly drachma)
Grenada East Caribbean dollar
Guatemala Quetzal
Guinea Guinean franc
Guinea-Bissau CFA Franc
Guyana Guyanese dollar
Haiti Gourde
Honduras Lempira
Hungary Forint
Iceland Icelandic króna
India Rupee
Indonesia Rupiah
Iran Rial
Iraq U.S. dollar
Ireland Euro (formerly Irish pound [punt])
Israel Shekel
Italy Euro (formerly lira)
Jamaica Jamaican dollar
Japan Yen
Jordan Jordanian dinar
Kazakhstan Tenge
Kenya Kenya shilling
Kiribati Australian dollar
Korea, North Won
Korea, South Won
Kuwait Kuwaiti dinar
Kyrgyzstan Som
Laos New Kip
Latvia Lats
Lebanon Lebanese pound
Lesotho Maluti
Liberia Liberian dollar
Libya Libyan dinar
Liechtenstein Swiss franc
Lithuania Litas
Luxembourg Euro (formerly Luxembourg franc)
Macedonia Denar
Madagascar Malagasy franc
Malawi Kwacha
Malaysia Ringgit
Maldives Rufiya
Mali CFA Franc
Malta Euro
Mauritania Ouguiya
Mauritius Mauritian rupee
Mexico Mexican peso
Moldova Leu
Monaco Euro
Mongolia Tugrik
Montenegro Euro
Morocco Dirham
Mozambique Metical
Myanmar Kyat
Namibia Namibian dollar
Nauru Australian dollar
Nepal Nepalese rupee
Netherlands Euro (formerly guilder)
New Zealand New Zealand dollar
Nicaragua Gold cordoba
Niger CFA Franc
Nigeria Naira
Norway Norwegian krone
Oman Omani rial
Pakistan Pakistan rupee
Palau U.S. dollar used
Palestinian State (proposed) New Israeli shekels, Jordanian dinars, U.S. dollars
Panama balboa; U.S. dollar
Papua New Guinea Kina
Paraguay Guaraní
Peru Nuevo sol (1991)
Philippines Peso
Poland Zloty
Portugal Euro (formerly escudo)
Qatar Qatari riyal
Romania Leu
Russia Ruble
Rwanda Rwanda franc
St. Kitts and Nevis East Caribbean dollar
St. Lucia East Caribbean dollar
St. Vincent and the Grenadines East Caribbean dollar
Samoa Tala
San Marino Euro
São Tomé and Príncipe Dobra
Saudi Arabia Riyal
Senegal CFA Franc
Serbia Yugoslav new dinar. In Kosovo both the euro and the Yugoslav dinar are legal
Seychelles Seychelles rupee
Sierra Leone Leone
Singapore Singapore dollar
Slovakia Koruna
Slovenia Slovenian tolar; euro (as of 1/1/07)
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands dollar
Somalia Somali shilling
South Africa Rand
Spain Euro (formerly peseta)
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka rupee
Sudan Dinar
Suriname Surinamese dollar
Swaziland Lilangeni
Sweden Krona
Switzerland Swiss franc
Syria Syrian pound
Taiwan Taiwan dollar
Tajikistan somoni
Tanzania Tanzanian shilling
Thailand baht
Togo CFA Franc
Tonga Pa'anga
Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago dollar
Tunisia Tunisian dinar
Turkey Turkish lira (YTL)
Turkmenistan Manat
Tuvalu Australian dollar
Uganda Ugandan new shilling
Ukraine Hryvna
United Arab Emirates U.A.E. dirham
United Kingdom Pound sterling (£)
United States dollar
Uruguay Uruguay peso
Uzbekistan Uzbekistani sum
Vanuatu Vatu
Vatican City (Holy See) Euro
Venezuela Bolivar
Vietnam D**g
Western Sahara (proposed state) Tala
Yemen Rial
Zambia Kwacha
Zimbabwe Zimbabwean dollar

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