Close Source and Open Source Networks

17/10/2016

How to Connect pc Internet to Mobile via wifi ..
Now we should Create a virtual broadcast wifi Hot Spot using cmd.
follow my steps:
1: please open cmd with run as administrator
2: netsh wlan show hostednetwork then enter
3:netsh wlan set hostednetwork mode=allow ssid=JAVID key=123456789 then enter
4: netsh wlan show hostednetwork " for confirmation or to show your vertual created wifi
6:netsh wlan start hostednetwork
after from that come to
7: goto network sharing center
8: right click on adapter in which you have internet like local area connection or wireless network coonection
proprties- check -allow other network user to connect through this computer connection .and select wireless network connection in home networking connection.
9: now open your mobile wifi and coonect to javid wifi.
10: now you can browse any website in your phone
>>>>>>>>>JAVID TOTAKAHIL>>>>>>

15/10/2016

SOME IMPORTANT POINTS THAT SHOULD TO BE KNOW ( System Administration)
1: what is forest ?
Ans : a collection of every objects , its attribute and attribute syntax is called forest
OR
If there is more than one domain in Local Area Network is called forest.
2: What is OU ?
OU stands for organization unit, organizational unit is a special container within active directory which is used to organize active directory objects. also through OU we can apply different kind of policies.
3: What is LADAP ?
LADAP stands for lightweight active directory access protocol , LADAP is used to exchange directory information from server to server or from server to clients.
4: What is Global Catalog ?
Global Catalog contain full information about objects in its own domain.
5 : What is Active Directory ?
active directory is a centerlized database which store full information about objects,(user and computer ).
through Active directory we can creat user, group, Organizationl unit . and also we can apply any kind of polices on users.
6: what are the component of active directory ?
ans : active directory has two component
A : LOGICAL COMPONENT LIKE ( Domain , Tree, Forest, Organizatonal Unit)
B: physical Component like (Domain Controller , and Site )
7: What is site?
site contain active directory resources that are connected by high reliable bandwidth.
OR
site is the combination of one ore more ip subnets connected by a highly reliable bandwidth is called site.
8: what are the active directory services ?
there are different types of servers of Active directory like :
1: Distributed file system (DFS)
2: Domain Name System (DNS)
3: File Replication
4: Intersite messaging
5: Kerbose key destrubtion center
6: RPC locator
7: Active Directory Services
8: Active directory lightweight directory services.
9: Active directory Federation Services.
10 : Active Directory Right Management Services.
11: Active directory Certificate services.
"""""""""JAVID RAHMAN TOTAKHAIL"""""""""""

09/08/2016

What is OSI (Open System Interconnect) layers i.e. from Layer 1 to 7, ?
Ans:- Application Layer – It creates a web interface between the user machine and the destination server. Its example is just like we access google.com or yahoo.com or any other website using http or https. Here http or https are application layer protocol. Other example is when we access our network devices using SSH or Telnet . SSH and Telnet are applications or interfaces between user machine and the destination server or device. Other examples are SNMP, SMTP, POP3, FTP, TFTP, DNS. Its Layer 7 in OSI model.

Presentation Layer – It deals with presentation, design, layout, format and extension of the files or data. e.g. is an email when we send from our machine to other user and we still see that the emails design and content remains exactly same the way we had sent. All this is done by Presentation layer. Its Layer 6

Session Layer – It creates, maintains or delete sessions between source and destination.

Transport Layer – It takes the data from one place to another and does data delivery. It is done using TCP or UDP. TCP is connection oriented and UDP is connection less with difference of the way these operate. In this layer, data will be encapsulated and converted in Segments. TCP and UDP assign port numbers to every session or application to form Socket. It helps in identifying the session and connectivity to correct application. Its layer 4

Network Layer– This layer deals with routing and addressing of devices. Similar to job of Traffic police. Routers and layer 3 devices work on this layer. The segments are converted in to Packets once network layer encapsulates the segment with network header. Its layer 3.

Data Link Layer:- It deals with layer 2 addresses such as MAC or physical addresses. Switches work in this layer. Network packets are converted in to Frames in this layer after encapsulation with appropriate header tagging. ARP protocol works in this layer.

Physical Layer – Here frames are converted in to bits and bytes. All of the non-intelligent devices such as Hubs or Transistors work in this layer. It is the actual layer that sends the data further on physical cables. It is Layer 1.

JAVID TOTAKHAIL

18/06/2016

what is Ping ?
The ping command helps to verify IP-level connectivity. When troubleshooting, you can use ping to send an ICMP echo request to a target host name or IP address. Use ping whenever you need to verify that a host computer can connect to the TCP/IP network and network resources.
shooting

01/07/2015

Network Security
A network is two or more interconnected computers that share devices and information. They may access a large computer that contains all of the company’s data. They may be located in one building or connected by telephone lines to building at a distant location. The system administrator is usually in charge of network security and uses some or all of the following:
User ID and Passwords
Data is stored in password-protected directories. Only employees who need to work with specific accounts or other business data have access to their files.
Firewalls
Firewalls are designed to protect networks from malware and spyware. Malware can destroy data and lock up computers. Spyware tracks the websites visited by the user and can steal valuable information. The firewall is an interface between the network and the Internet.
Denial of Internet Access
Some users may be denied Internet access due to websites they visit. Regardless of firewalls, users can permit downloads that can infect the network. When one computer is infected, the virus moves throughout the network.
Encryption
Sometimes data is encrypted so that if unauthorized access is gained, the data is meaningless. Since password protection is used for encrypting, hackers must break two passwords.
Online Backups
Online backups are encrypted and provide safe storage for data. If the hard drive crashes or malfunctions due to a virus, the business records can be easily restored.
Scanners
Scanners are used to locate and quarantine viruses and malware that lies dormant and will attack later.
Cyber Security
Cyber security involves technologies and processes to protect computers, networks programs, and data from unintended or unauthorized access. Cyber attacks may originate anywhere in the world. These attacks may invade networks of business, government, and financial institutions.
Cyber security may be divided into four tasks:
Network Protection
Those who are in charge of cyber security develop software to protect networks. They try to pe*****te network defenses and create better defenses.
End User Education
An end user enters data into the computer and directs the output. End users must be knowledgeable about the dangers of cyber attacks.
Information Security
Cyber security develops software and other technologies to keep information safe from attacks. Since attackers are constantly upgrading their methods and technologies, cyber security is a never-ending problem.
Application Security
Applications are programs that process data, and they must be protected at all times. Without spreadsheets, word processors, and other applications, businesses would stop.
Difference Between Network Security and Cyber Security
Network security deals with keeping the entity’s data and equipment secure. Cyber security protects the entity’s Internet connection and beyond.

05/01/2015