Theory & Practicals Electrical Engineering

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03/09/2025

An electrical room is a dedicated, secure space within a building designed to house and protect essential electrical equipment, such as switchboards, circuit breakers, transformers, and control panels. These rooms are critical for power distribution and communication systems in commercial and industrial facilities, requiring specific safety features and compliance with electrical codes to ensure the well-being of occupants and the equipment itself. Key design considerations include robust, fire-resistant doors, clear hazard signage, adequate working clearances, and proper ventilation to manage heat from the equipment.

04/10/2021

Amps to watts calculator ►

* Use e for scientific notation. E.g: 5e3, 4e-8, 1.45e12

DC watts to amps calculation
The current I in amps (A) is equal to the power P in watts (W), divided by the voltage V in volts (V):

I(A) = P(W) / V(V)

AC single phase watts to amps calculation
The phase current I in amps (A) is equal to the power P in watts (W), divided by the power factor PF times the RMS voltage V in volts (V):

I(A) = P(W) / (PF × V(V))

The power factor of resistive impedance load is equal to 1.

AC three phase watts to amps calculation
Calculation with line to line voltage
The phase current I in amps (A) is equal to the power P in watts (W), divided by square root of 3 times the power factor PF times the line to line RMS voltage VL-L in volts (V):

I(A) = P(W) / (√3 × PF × VL-L(V) )

The power factor of resistive impedance load is equal to 1.

Calculation with line to neutral voltage
The phase current I in amps (A) is equal to the power P in watts (W), divided by 3 times the power factor PF times the line to neutral RMS voltage VL-N in volts (V):

I(A) = P(W) / (3 × PF × VL-N(V) )

The power factor of resistive impedance load is equal to 1.

22/12/2020

What is sensor ? Different type of sensors!

CCTV, or closed-circuit television, is a system that allows you to keep an eye on what's going on in and around your bus...
19/08/2020

CCTV, or closed-circuit television, is a system that allows you to keep an eye on what's going on in and around your business. Cameras and monitors enable you to view events live, and recorders archive footage for later reference. Don't mistake a CCTV monitor for an ordinary television.

1 phase and 3 phase wiring system at home
16/08/2020

1 phase and 3 phase wiring system at home

1 and 3 phase connected with generator with manual changeover switche
16/08/2020

1 and 3 phase connected with generator with manual changeover switche

17/07/2020

A capacitor (originally known as a condenser) is a passive two-terminal electrical component used to store energy electrostatically in an electric field. The forms of practical capacitors vary widely, but all contain at least two electrical conductors (plates) separated by a dielectric (i.e., insulator).

12/07/2020

An alternating current (ac) generator is a device that produces a potential difference . A simple ac generator consists of a coil of wire rotating in a magnetic field. Cars use a type of ac generator called an alternator to keep the battery charged and to run the electrical system while the engine is working.

08/07/2020

For any circuit element, the power is equal to the voltage difference across the element multiplied by the current. By Ohm's Law, V = IR, and so there are additional forms of the electric power formula for resistors. Power is measured in units of Watts (W), where a Watt is equal to a Joule per second (1 W = 1 J/s).
Ohms Law and Power
To find the Voltage, ( V ) [ V = I x R ] V (volts) = I (amps) x R (Ω)
To find the Current, ( I ) [ I = V ÷ R ] I (amps) = V (volts) ÷ R (Ω)
To find the Resistance, ( R ) [ R = V ÷ I ] R (Ω) = V (volts) ÷ I (amps)
To find the Power (P) [ P = V x I ] P (watts) = V (volts) x I (amps)

04/07/2020

What is a Transformer?
A transformer is defined as a passive electrical device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through the process of electromagnetic induction. It is most commonly used to increase (‘step up’) or decrease (‘step down’) voltage levels between circuits.
Working Principle of Transformer
The working principle of a transformer is very simple. Mutual induction between two or more windings (also known as coils) allows for electrical energy to be transferred between circuits. This principle is explained in further detail below.

Transformer Theory
Say you have one winding (also known as a coil) which is supplied by an alternating electrical source. The alternating current through the winding produces a continually changing and alternating flux that surrounds the winding.

If another winding is brought close to this winding, some portion of this alternating flux will link with the second winding. As this flux is continually changing in its amplitude and direction, there must be a changing flux linkage in the second winding or coil.

According to Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, there will be an EMF induced in the second winding. If the circuit of this secondary winding is closed, then a current will flow through it. This is the basic working principle of a transformer

04/07/2020

In radio-frequency engineering, a transmission line is a specialized cable or other structure designed to conduct alternating current of radio frequency, that is, currents with a frequency high enough that their wave nature must be taken into account.

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