24/03/2026
🩺 BASIC INFORMATION EVERY NURSE SHOULD KNOW
1. 🧠 Basic Anatomy & Physiology
Understand major body systems:
Cardiovascular (heart, blood circulation)
Respiratory (lungs, breathing)
Nervous system (brain, spinal cord)
Digestive system
Know normal functioning vs abnormal signs
2. 📊 Vital Signs (Core Skill)
Every nurse must confidently measure and interpret:
Temperature (Normal: ~36.5–37.5°C)
Pulse (Normal: 60–100 bpm)
Respiration (Normal: 12–20/min)
Blood Pressure (Normal: ~120/80 mmHg)
Oxygen saturation (SpO₂: 95–100%)
👉 Recognize abnormalities quickly (e.g., fever, hypotension, tachycardia)
3. 💊 Medication Administration
Follow the 5 Rights:
Right patient
Right drug
Right dose
Right route
Right time
Know common routes:
Oral, IV, IM, Subcutaneous
Watch for:
Side effects
Allergies
Drug interactions
4. 🧼 Infection Control
Proper hand hygiene (most important!)
Use of PPE:
Gloves, masks, gowns
Understand:
Sterile vs clean technique
Isolation precautions
5. 🗣️ Communication Skills
Speak clearly and politely with patients
Show empathy:
“I understand how you feel.”
Communicate effectively with the healthcare team
Maintain patient confidentiality (privacy is critical)
6. 📝 Documentation
Accurate and timely charting
Use clear, professional language
Record:
Patient condition
Medications given
Changes or incidents
👉 “If it’s not documented, it’s not done.”
7. 🚑 Basic Emergency Care
Basic Life Support (BLS)
Recognize emergencies:
Cardiac arrest
Stroke symptoms
Breathing difficulty
Know how to:
Call for help
Start CPR
8. 🧍 Patient Care & Hygiene
Assist with:
Bathing
Feeding
Mobility
Prevent:
Bedsores
Falls
9. ⚖️ Ethics & Professionalism
Respect patient dignity and rights
Maintain confidentiality
Be non-judgmental
Follow hospital protocols
10. 🔍 Observation Skills
Notice small changes:
Skin color
Behavior
Pain levels
Report abnormalities early
11. 🍎 Basic Nutrition Knowledge
Understand:
Balanced diet
Fluid intake
Special diets:
Diabetic
Low-salt
High-protein
12. 📚 Continuous Learning
Medicine keeps evolving
Stay updated with:
New treatments
Guidelines
Skills
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⭐ Simple Tip to Remember:
👉 A great nurse is someone who: Observes carefully + Communicates clearly + Cares genuinely
